1. Swiss Centre for International Health The strategies of the education system in preventing schoolgirl pregnancies MoEVT - PASHA, Tanzania By Benedict Raymond Mangulu 29 July 2010, Blue Pearl Hotel Dar es Salaam

2. “Enabling school students to make informed decisions about their sexual and reproductive health and rights!” 10/15/2015 Presentation Title2

3. 10/15/2015 PASHA - Tanzania3 Overview PASHA approach Integration into Tanzanian education sector Educational rationale Learner-centred materials and methods Achievements Way forward

4. PASHA approach School counselling services School counselors elected by students Equal numbers of males and females Receive training on basic counselling skills for psycho-social support and SRHR and HIV/AIDS education Deliver counselling services to both students and colleagues Become facilitators of Peer Educators training Offer supervision to peer educators 10/15/2015 PASHA - Tanzania4

5. PASHA approach Peer education Peer educators elected by students Primary schools: grade 5-7 (about 12 -14 years old) Secondary schools: grade O-level to A-level (15 -20 years old) Ratio: 2 peer educators per 40 students (reality 2 per 80) Receive training on SRHR and HIV/AIDS knowledge and facilitation skills Conduct peer education sessions twice per week (about 1 hour per session) Work close together with school counselors (e.g. sharing experience on implementation) Use participatory methodology (learner-centered) 10/15/2015 PASHA - Tanzania5

6. Integration into Tanzanian education sector 10/15/2015 PASHA - Tanzania6 MoEVT National Coordinator under Commissioner of Education Regional Coordinator (Mtwara) Under REO 72 prim. schools 20 sec schools Regional Coordinator (Lindi) Under REO 72 prim. schools 20 sec schools Regional Coordinator (Tanga) Under REO 25 prim. Schools 100 sec schools Regional Coordinator (Morogoro) Under REO and SolidarMed Advisor 24 primary schools Regional coordinator (Mbeya) Under (REO) 64 schools Regional coordinator (Ruvuma andd Iringa) under REO Ca. 70 schools per region in planning) Swiss TPH TGPSH

7. Integration into Tanzanian Education Sector MoEVT PASHA national and regional coordinators are civil servants of MoEVT Close cooperation with departments of primary and secondary education Working closely with units of cross-cutting issues (HIV/AIDS unit, gender unit, guidance and counselling unit) Peer Education materials are approved by EMAC (Education Material Approval Committee) Policy support 10/15/2015 PASHA - Tanzania7

8. Educational rationale Constructivist learning theory: That means: The learner is actively engaged in constructing knowledge Constructivism emphasizes on two important dimensions: Learners actively acquire existing human knowledge (e.g language, cultural wisdom, values, technical skills etc.) as their own system of knowing Learners actively construct their own novel ways of knowing in the face of unfamiliar problems 10/15/2015 PASHA - Tanzania8 Knowledge given to a passive learner Shift Active learners invent knowledge

9. Educational rationale Principles of learner-centered learning 10/15/2015 PASHA - Tanzania9 Knowledge develops Learners are persons actively involved in constructing knowledge Learning is a social, hence language- based activity Facilitators (e.g. teachers or peer educators) encourage knowledge construction Learning is construction of knowledge

10. Learner-centered materials and methods Shangazi Stella Growing up Sex and relationships Safer sex Forced sex Unwanted pregnancy Sexually transmitted infections Living with HIV and AIDS Speaking out Relationships with family and community Changing society 10/15/2015 PASHA - Tanzania10

11. Learner-centered materials and methods Shangazi Stella: Learner - centered peer education 10/15/2015 PASHA - Tanzania11

12. Learner-centered materials and methods Life Skills Self Learning Self-esteem Decision Making Problem Solving Communication Emotions and Stress Management Goal-Setting 10/15/2015 PASHA - Tanzania12

13. Achievements High levels of knowledge (about sexuality and HIV/AIDS) amongst learners Girls show similar career aspirations as boys Girls empowerment in general Positive influences on teenage pregnancy (further studies needed) Increased knowledge on prevention against communicable diseases such as STI’s and HIV/AIDS. Schools show high degree of ownership including buy in of communities Nationwide rollout demanded by parliamentarians 10/15/2015 PASHA - Tanzania13

14. Way forward PASHA activities will be integrated in workplan of MoEVT national rollout as demanded by decision makers and officials of other regions and other key actors (Ruvuma and Iringa have started) Support to the MoEVT to mobilize and raise funds Identify and develop strategic partnerships Developing new and revising existing materials Documentation of best practices including essential minimal package Asanteni sana! 10/15/2015 Presentation Title14