1. Starter Activity Come in & sit quietly Turn in any homework you may be missing Come up with 3 research topics related to marine science that you would be interested in pursuing. No two people should have the same 3 topics.

2. LIFE IN THE OCEAN Pt. 3

3. Physical Factor: Temperature Rate at which chemical reactions occur largely depends on heat Warmer -> increased rate

4. Physical Factor: Temperature Metabolic Rate – rate at which energy- releasing reactions proceed within an organism. Increases with temperature Double at 18˚F temperature rise

5. Physical Factor: Temperature Ectothermic – “cold blooded” – internal temperature stays close to temperature of surroundings Majority of marine life

6. Physical Factor: Temperature Endothermic – “warm blooded” Mammals, birds, & larger, faster fish

7. Physical Factor: Temperature Warmer environments – higher metabolic rate Grow faster Faster heartbeat Swim faster Die faster

8. Physical Factor: Temperature Warmer environments – higher metabolic rate Can’t get too hot – cook Can’t normally go higher than optimum temperature Can go colder – molecules simply slow down

9. Physical Factor: Temperature Endotherms can handle greater margin of external temperatures Internal temperature only varies slightly

10. Physical Factor: Dissolved Nutrients Nitrogen & Phosphorus Nitrogen in the ocean is about 1 / 10000 of that in topsoil Phosphorus is even more scarce These are depleted during times of high productivity

11. Physical Factor: Salinity Cells are greatly affected by salinity In the ocean the greatest variability occurs near the surface

12. Physical Factor: Salinity Variability along the surface: As low as 6% around outer coast of Baltic Sea As high as 40% in the Red Sea

13. Physical Factor: Salinity More consistent at greater depths Saltier

14. Physical Factor: Salinity Alter protein structure Affects buoyancy Can change the water balance of cells Seawater is nearly equal to that of cells

15. Physical Factor: Dissolved Gases Oxygen – not easily dissolvable Carbon Dioxide – easily dissolved

16. Physical Factor: Dissolved Gases Photosynthesis releases Oxygen, so Oxygen is more scarce below photosynthesis levels

17. Classwork & Homework Make your own crossword puzzle using your notes for the past 3 “Life in the Ocean” presentations. It must include at least 6 across & 6 down!