1. Chapter 6
Industrialization

2. Essential Question
What impact did scientific discoveries and manufacturing processes have on the nature of work, the American Labor movement, and American businesses?

3. Standards
Interpret the impact of change from workshop to factory on workers’ lives, including the New Industrial Age from
Explain the transition of the United States from an agrarian society to an industrial nation prior to World War I
CCRS R 1.
chapter 14 graphic and lecture notes.doc

4. Agenda Bellringer: Vocabulary: Key Terms p 242
Before: Time Line Discussion pages 240 & 241
During: Column Notes: Inventions Promote Change p
Charting Graphic Organizer 245
Making Inferences, Hypothesizing and Analyzing Effects p 245
After:

5. Outcome
Students will be able to explain how the abundance of natural resources, new recovery and refining methods, and new uses for them led to intensive industrialization.

6. What is Industrialization?
the large-scale introduction of manufacturing, advanced technical enterprises, and other productive economic activity into an area
Industrialization occurs when industry is introduced on a large scale to a region or country — for example, when an economy goes from being based on agriculture to being based on manufacturing and other industries.

7. Organizing Strategy – Causes of Industrialization
Abundance of raw materials
Production of oil
United States
becomes an
Industrial Nation
Population Increase
New Inventions
Free Enterprise System
Large Free Trade Area

8. Natural Resources Fuel Industrialization
1840, Abraham Gesner realized that kerosene could be used to light lamps and discovered how to distill it from oil or cold
1859, a retired railroad conductor Edwin L. Drake successfully used a steam engine to drill for oil
(Black Gold) near Titusville, Pennsylvania
As a result, drilling for oil below the earth’s surface became practical. It was called Black Gold
Result was an oil boom in Kentucky, Ohio, Illinois, and Indiana
Petroleum-refining industries grew up in Cleveland and Pittsburgh

9. The Bessemer Steel Process
Another Natural Resource was abundant deposits of cal and iron which could be turn into steel
The Bessemer process, developed independently by British manufacturer Henry Bessemer developed a technique whereby air was injected into molten iron, which removed the carbon and transformed iron into steel
In 1886, the Bessemer process was replaced by the open-hearth process that produced quality steel from scrap metal as well as raw materials

10. New Uses For Steel during the age of Industrialization
Railroads became the biggest customers for steel
-Steel made innovative construction possible, such as major bridges and skyscrapers
The first skyscraper with a steel frame was the Home Insurance Building in Chicago designed by William Le Baron Jenney

11. The Impact of Railroads On Industrialization
Introduction: After the Civil War, the rapid construction of rail roads accelerated the nation’s industrialization and linked the country together. As railroads grew, their influence extended to every facet of American life. Identify the influence of railroads:
The town of Pullman, IL – affected the personal lives of its citizens
They determined the time standard of the country
The unchecked power of railroads led to widespread abuses
The abuses would spur citizens to demand and win federal regulation of the industry

12. Think Through History
How did the availability of raw material influence industrialization?
Inexpensive, readily available raw materials gave inventors and entrepreneurs the means they needed to develop and implement new products and methods

13. Inventions Promote Change
Inventors changed the way people lived and worked
1876, Thomas Alva Edison, Menlo Park, New Jersey, perfected the incandescent light bulb
Edison also invented an entire system for producing and distributing electrical power
George Westinghouse added innovations that made electricity safer and less expensive

14. The impact of electricity on industrialization
Changed the nature of business America
By 1880, electric power ran numerous machines from fans to printing presses
Increased the development of home appliances
Electric steel cars made travel cheap and efficient, and promoted the outgrowth of cities
Most importantly, electricity allowed manufacturers to locate their factories/plants where they wanted

15. The impact of electricity continued
Christopher Sholes invented the typewriter in 1867
Alexander Graham Bell and Thomas Watson invented the telephone in This laid the groundwork for a worldwide communication network
How did electricity change American life?
It changed the nature of business, made inventions of new appliances possible, and helped cities and industries grow

16. Conclusion
What caused the explosion of inventions in the late 19th century?
Development of natural resources and a growing receptive market
How did new inventions affect the nation’s workers?
new jobs and made factory work easier, but contributed to a loss of workers’ self-esteem

17. Conclusion Oil drill – initiated the oil boom
Bessemer steel process made steel production cheaper and more efficient
Barbed wire and farm machines increased farmer’s output
Light bulb made artificial light widely available
Telephone revolutionized communications

18. Review Reasons for Industrialization A wealth of natural resources
An explosion of inventions
A growing urban population that provided markets for new products
Oil drill – initiated the oil boom
Bessemer steel process made steel production cheaper and more efficient
Barbed wire and farm machines increased farmer’s output
Light bulb made artificial light widely available
Telephone revolutionized communications

20. Transitional Page

21. Graphic Organizer and Lecture Notes
chaper 14 graphic 2.doc