1. Delmar Learning Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company Chapter 32 Poverty

2. Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning companyChapter 32 Poverty Prevalence High risk for health problems

3. Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning companyChapter 32 Who are the poor? Dispelling myths Working poor Young and older adults at risk Ethnic variations Sources of income

4. Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning companyChapter 32 Poverty Lack of resources to meet basic needs Poverty line Absolute poverty

5. Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning companyChapter 32 Distribution of Poverty Age Ethnicity Poverty rate is relatively stable

6. Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning companyChapter 32 Major Theories of Poverty Culture of poverty theory  Society produces poverty  Personal characteristics maintain poverty

7. Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning companyChapter 32 Situational View of Poverty Social conditions cause poverty Inequities in opportunities create poverty

8. Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning companyChapter 32 Conflict or Structural Theory of Poverty Political and economic forces produce and maintain poverty Occupational structure of society Conflict and competition in the marketplace Property structure Authority structure

9. Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning companyChapter 32 Functionalist Theory of Poverty Segments of society benefit from the poor Performance of “dirty work” Poverty creates jobs Hierarchical society

10. Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning companyChapter 32 Social Influences Social classes Upper Upper middle Lower middle Working Working poor Lower

11. Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning companyChapter 32 Social Influence - Concepts Marginalization Oppression Disenfranchised

12. Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning companyChapter 32 Consequences of Social Class, Oppression, and Disenfranchisement Social class affects health, chances of living and dying Lack of access to adequate health care Children and poverty

13. Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning companyChapter 32 Feminization of Poverty Two-thirds of poor are women International trend Female head of household Gender pay inequity Unequal access to education and job opportunities

14. Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning companyChapter 32 Global Poverty Most industrialized nations Industrializing nations Least industrialized nations

15. Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning companyChapter 32 Impact of Poverty on Health Barriers to health care Morbidity and mortality  Higher incidence of chronic illness  Higher infant morbidity and mortality  Decreased life expectancy

16. Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning companyChapter 32 Differences in Health Care between Socioeconomic groups Decreased income, decreased life expectancy Disease prevalence  Coronary artery disease  Diabetes mellitus type 2  HIV Infection  Cancer

17. Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning companyChapter 32 Community Health Nursing Role Primary prevention  Disease prevention  Immunizations  Education

18. Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning companyChapter 32 Community Health Nursing Role (cont.) Secondary prevention  Early diagnosis and treatment  Injury prevention  Community referrals

19. Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning companyChapter 32 Community Health Nursing Role (cont.) Tertiary prevention  Rehabilitation  Multidisciplinary approach

20. Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning companyChapter 32 Key Concepts Societal causes of poverty Widening income gap between poor and non-poor Impact of poverty on health Limited access to health care Lack basic resources for human needs