1. Classification

2. Over 2 million species of organisms have been found and named Thousands of new species are being discovered each year There may be as many as 50 million species left to find (or more)!

3. Taxonomy 1.Putting organisms in groups (taxons) based on their characteristics 2.Naming organisms

4. Aristotles System Aristotle was the 1 st to do detailed work on classification. He divided animals into two groups: –Animals with blood Mammals Birds Reptiles fish –Animals without blood Insects worms

5. Linnaeus Came up with: a system to NAME organisms A system to CLASSIFY organisms (place into groups) Based his groups on morphology Each group called a taxon

6. Taxonomic Groups Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species

8. Binomial Nomenclature System of naming organisms Each organism is given a two part name Genus species Ursus arctos

9. People KingdomAnimalia PhylumChordata ClassMammalia FamilyHominidae GenusHomo Speciessapiens Scientific name: Homo sapiens

10. Modern System Very similar to Linnaeus Based on supposed evolutionary relationships – (phylogeny) not just physical similarities Cladograms show these relationships

11. Cladograms

12. All living organisms are now classified into one of 6 kingdoms: Kingdom Archae- bacteria Eu- bacteria ProtistaFungiPlantaeAnimalia Cell Type # cells Mode of nutrition See class handout or see page 459 in textbook

13. 6 kingdoms All living things fall into 1 of these 6 kingdoms

14. Dichotomous Keys Series of paired statements to identify organisms (p. 462)