1. FIFTH GRADE ENGLISH

2. What is a Sentence A sentence is a complete thought
A sentence must have a subject. The subject will be a noun or a pronoun
A sentence must have a predicate. The predicate will be an action verb, a linking verb, or a helping verb/action verb
A sentence must begin with a capital letter.
A sentence must have punctuation.
A fragment: an incomplete thought A BROKEN SENTENCE
A run-on sentence: a sentence which continues and continues and continues….on and on and on

3. Building a Sentence
Subject of the sentence: al l the words that tell whom or what the sentence is about: Simple subject and Complete subject
Predicate: the verb and all the words that tell about the verb
Phrases: give more description within the sentence
Adjectives: describes the noun or pronoun
Adverbs: describes the verb, an adjective, or another adverb
Direct object: a word that receives the action of a verb
Indirect object: a word or group of words that tells whom or what an action is performed…An indirect object usually comes between a direct object and a verb

4. Here’s how it works!
Subject: Jack Predicate: told Phrase: about the magic frog Adjective: little Adverb: quietly Direct object: story Indirect object: boy Jack quietly told the little boy the story about the magic frog.

5. Try Again….
Subject: Katie Predicate: offered Phrase: to keep her warm Adjective: old, brown Adverb: lovingly Direct object: coat Indirect object: girl Katie lovingly offered the girl her old brown coat to keep her warm.

6. 4 Types of Sentences
Declarative: A sentence that makes a statement…a declaration. Declarative sentences end with a period. The horse won the race by a large margin. Interrogative: A sentence that asks a question. Interrogative sentences end with a ? May I borrow that book to read? Imperative: A sentence that makes a command or request. Imperative sentences end with a period. In many imperative sentences the subject is understood to be (you) Tell me the answer tomorrow. (You) tell me the answer tomorrow.

7. One more and then practice
Exclamatory : A sentences that is written to show emotions and feelings. An exclamatory sentence end s with an !.
That was really an exciting stunt that he performed!
Now let’s converse in sentence types:
Declarative…Imperative…Exclamatory…Interrogative
Interrogative…Declarative…Exclamatory…Imperative
Exclamatory..Interrogative..Imperative…Declarative

8. Simple Subject/Simple Predicate
It is just the BARE BASIC
Simple Subject: Just the “character” of the sentence…who the sentence is about
Simple Predicate: Just the main action or state of being of the sentence
Sentence: Around the corner, little Billy Brown, ran into his best friend Fred.
Simple Subject: Billy Brown
Simple Predicate: ran

9. HELP…..SOME CLUES A subject must be a NOUN or a PRONOUN
Noun: Person, Place, Object, Idea, Emotion
Subject pronouns: I, You, He, She, It, We, You, They
Action verb: RUN, JUMP, LAUGH, THROW…
State of Being Verb: is, am, was, were, have, has, had, are
Verb phrase: action verb plus state of being verb
Ex: is going, was running, have taken,
Of is a preposition…subject will not be in a prepositional phrase:
Other prepositions: along, besides, around, through

10. Complete Subject/Complete Predicate
From Simple Subject to Complete Subject: From basic to detail
Simple Subject:: Main character of the sentence, what the sentence is about
Simple Subject: Olivia
Complete Subject: Details about the “main character”
Olivia, with the curly brown hair and freckled nose,
Simple Predicate: Main verb of the sentence: shows action or state of being
Simple Predicate: rode
Complete Predicate: Details about the action or state of being
rode her bicycle to school for the very first time.
Olivia, with the curly brown hair and freckled nose/rode her bicycle to school for the very first time.

11. SUBJECTS IN DECLARATIVE AND IMPERATIVE SENTENCES
Declarative sentence; a sentence that simply makes a statement. Subject will usually come before the verb.
Imperative sentence: a sentence that makes a command or request. Subject is understood to be (You). You is not stated in the sentence.
I walked my dog around the block.
Simple subject? Simple predicate? Type of sentence
Stop talking right now.
Look for me at the movies.

12. Writing good sentences…not too long…not too short…just right
COMPOUND SENTENCES
Writing good sentences…not too long…not too short…just right
Short, choppy, sentences may be combined with another sentence IF they have related ideas. Use a conjunction to combine the sentences.
Example: I love history. Fred loves math.
I love history, but Fred loves math.(NOTICE THE COMMA)

13. Connect me with a CONJUNCTION
Conjunction: a word that connects words or groups of words in a sentence What is connected? two subjects: Mary and I two verbs: laughed and cried Two subjects and two verbs: Mary and I laughed and cried about the lost dog. two sentences: Mary laughed loudly. I laughed loudly. Mary and I laughed loudly. Other words in a sentence: In case of a fire walk silently but quickly out of the building. MOST COMMON CONJUNCTIONS: and, but, or And: joins similar ideas But: shows contrast Or: shows choice

14. Clauses: I am Independent….I am Dependent
Clause: A group of related words that contains both a subject and a predicate An Independent clause: A clause that expresses a complete thought, can stand alone as a sentence. Example: Sammy likes to eat pizza, but Joe likes to eat hamburger. A Dependent clause: Does not express a complete thought..an empty thought…cannot stand by itself as a complete sentence Example: After I stopped screaming, I started laughing I was afraid because I couldn’t see anything.