2. 14,210 school built between 1945-1975 Many others refurbished > 86% of 28,950 schools contain asbestos

4. TYPICAL SYSTEM BUILT SCHOOL About half of Schools in Britain are system

5. Teacher Deaths Britain has the highest mesothelioma death rate in the world 291 teachers have died since 1980 158 have died in the last 10 years Teaching Assistants, Premises Managers, Catering Staff, School Secretaries, Bursars

6. Future Deaths - Tip of the Iceberg? Pupils? – no statistics USA Study – for every teacher 9 pupils will die Evidence to Education Select Committee 13.03.13 Professor Julian Peto Education “It is reasonable to assume in the order of 100- 150 female mesothelioma deaths a year will occur from asbestos exposure as a child at school during the 60s and 70s.” Male and Female deaths a year could equate to 200 to 300

7. A child will inhale ~ 3,000,000 asbestos fibres during 12.5 years at a school in which asbestos in good condition 0.0005 f/ml (500 f/m 3 ) Risk from asbestos exposure WATCH Minutes 10.11.09 There is no safe threshold below which it is safe to be exposed to airborne asbestos fibres MRC Institute for Environment and Health - Fibrous Materials in Environment

8. Committee on Carcinogenicity Children are relatively more vulnerable to asbestos Child of 5 years is ~ 5 times more likely to develop mesothelioma than adult exposed at 30 years There is insufficient evidence about the intrinsic vulnerability of children Science is incomplete and precautionary principle advocated

9. Government Policy Parliamentary Written Answer Minister for Schools 08.02.11 Asbestos which is in good condition and unlikely to be disturbed or damaged is better left in place and managed until the end of the life of the building as this presents less risk of exposure to the occupants than the process of removing it.

10. IS GOVERNMENT POLICY WORKING IN PRACTICE?

11. Sealing in Asbestos? 0.72f/ml 720,000 fibres per cubic metre of air

12. DRILLING AIB. Cloud of Fibres. Many Amosite 2f/ml - 10f/ml (2million - 10 million f/m 3 ) HSE “School caretakers have been identified as a particular group at risk due to the nature of their work (e.g. drilling and fixing.)”

13. Classroom Cupboards AIB back Cleaning 0.07 - 0.84 f/ml (70,000 f/ f/m 3 – 840,000 f/ f/m 3 ) Removing Stationary 0.02 - 0.05f/ml Amosite (20,000 f/ f/m 3 – 50,000 f/ f/m 3 )

14. Everyday Activities 1987 Test Slamming a door five times 0.33 f/ml 330,000 fibres per cubic metre of air

15. Warm Air Heating Cabinets

16. 1981 HSE tests - CLASP schools Emitting amosite fibres 5000 fibres per cubic metre of air HSE issued warning 2012 HSL tests - Welsh school emitting amosite fibres 1700 to 4300 fibres per cubic metre of air HSE refuse to issue warning

17. Are schools managing their asbestos?

18. “Schools are not managing their asbestos either effectively or safely.” “These are not minor problems that have crept in over recent years; rather they are fundamental problems that are endemic in schools in the UK.” “Over the years the school stock has not been well maintained so that as the fabric of the buildings has deteriorated then so has the asbestos.” Asbestos Consultants Association Assessment of asbestos management in schools 24 Jan 2010

19. 2009/10 HSE Survey Local Authority Schools 42 Local Authorities in England inspected 10 HSE Enforcement Notices 32 HSE ADVICE

20. 2011 HSE Survey Non Local Authority Schools 164 Non LA schools in England inspected 28 HSE Enforcement Action 110 HSE ADVICE to improve

21. 2014 Asbestos Management Non Local Authority Schools 153 Non Local Authority Schools inspected 29% Written advice or Improvement Notices failure to undertake a survey no written asbestos management plan inadequate training of maintenance personnel surveys and records not kept up to date failure to inform people of the presence of asbestos

22. Policies in other countries USA introduced AHERA Regulations 1986 - mesothelioma rate stabilised since 1999 Australia and Europe working towards progressive removal Netherlands are introducing an environmental level

23. JUAC CAMPAIGN ACHIEVEMENTS

24. Campaign Achievements Continuation Department for Education Steering Group 2010 Department for Education Online Asbestos Guidance for School 2013 Risk Assessment of children to asbestos – Committee on Carcinogenicity 2013 Education Select Committee Hearing – Asbestos on Schools – March 2013 DfE Review 2014/15

25. DfE Review Asbestos Management in Schools 2014/15 Asbestos in Schools acknowledged as a serious issue Risk Protection Arrangement – DfE - PL Insurance Asbestos Claims Training & Guidance Acknowledgement that asbestos training is mandatory Improved Online Guidance Air Sampling Prof Julian Peto – All that matters is how many fibres are being breathed in Trial – 50 schools

26. JUAC CAMPAIGN OBJECTIVES

27. Increased vulnerability of children (CoC) Should underlie all future asbestos policies for school Openness Policy of openness – unacceptable that a few should know the facts and for those facts to be kept from others Audit & Assessment of risk There should be a risk/benefit assessment to include: Audit of condition and extent of asbestos in schools Assessment of how many staff and pupils are likely to have died and will die Cost per fatality Cost of management in situ v long term strategy of asbestos removal

28. Proactive inspections Reinstatement of HSE pro-active inspections HSE to develop a School specific risk assessment Training Mandatory training tailored to role for school governors, head teachers and all support staff Environmental Level A specific environmental level should be adopted for schools containing asbestos

29. Long Term Progressive Removal So long as asbestos remains in schools it will be disturbed and damaged exposures will continue Asbestos Insulating Board (AIB) accessible to children should never be classified low risk - should be enclosed and prioritised for removal Long term strategy for the removal of all asbestos - prioritise schools containing most dangerous asbestos

30. PROGRESSIVE REMOVAL

31. The Price of Failure

32. ELIZABETH BRADFORD

33. JUAC Further Information Julie Winn, Chair 07920 514 254 www.juac.co.uk jwinn@juac.co.uk