1. Chapter 7, Section 2
New Ideas and Literature

2. Renaissance Humanism
Humanism-placed importance on the individual and human society.
Humanists emphasized a balance between faith and reason
Based largely on the values of the Ancient Greeks and Romans

3. Ancient Works Become Popular
Europe was reintroduced to Roman and Greek works of literature after the crusades, because Arab scholars were familiar with Greek and Roman writings
Francesco Petrarch, known simply as Petrarch, was a poet and scholar who studied Roman writers like Cicero

4. Petrarch

5. Cont.
Petrarch encouraged Europeans to create libraries to house Latin manuscripts (books)
Italian artist studied proportions of Ancient statues to learn why they looked so perfect

6. Humanism and Society
Humanist scholars studied everything from plants and animals, to human anatomy, medicine, and astronomy
Artists like Brunelleschi used Math to construct a dome in Florence
Leonardo da Vinci- a great artist, scientist, inventor, and engineer. He filled notebook after notebook with his ideas

7. Cont.
Leonardo da Vinci drew sketches of a glider, and helicopter, and a parachute, before the airplane existed
Humanism also led to a better cartography, or the understanding of map making which helped to guide explorers (think New World)

8. Da Vinci Parachute Da Vinci Helicopter
Da Vinci Helicopter

9. Changes in Literature Most educated people wrote in Latin
Petrarch preferred to write in Latin, however he did write love poems in the vernacular
Dante Alighieri was a poet from Florence. He wrote The Divine Comedy, which was a tale of a character’s journey from hell to heaven

10. Cont.
Geoffrey Chaucer also used the vernacular, and wrote his famous book The Canterbury Tales in English

11. The Printing Press
Johannes Gutenberg- In the early 1450’s, developed a printing press made it possible to print books more quickly
Gutenberg’s Bible, was the first European book produced on the new press
Approximately 40,000 books were published by 1500

12. William Shakespeare
The rule of Elizabeth I is known as the Elizabethan era
During this era, William Shakespeare emerged
He was an actor, poet, and playwright
He is best known for his plays such as:
Romeo and Juliet
Hamlet
MacBeth

13. Cont.
Shakespeare was so popular, that he changed the way the printing press was used
Many of his works were published during his life

14. Cervantes Cervantes was a playwright and novelist from Spain
He is best known for Don Quixote de la Mancha
It was extremely popular throughout Europe