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1 Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University Bangkok 10330, Thailand Plantwide control structure design for an acid-catalyzed process to produce biodiesel from used palm oil Adviser : Dr. Soorathep Kheawhom Presented by Teerapan Rujirachun
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2 Outline ● Introduction ● Theory ● Biodiesel plant ● Steady State Simulation ● Dynamic State Simulation ● Results and discussion ● Conclusions ● Introduction
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4 Outline ● Introduction ● Theory ● Biodiesel plant ● Steady State Simulation ● Dynamic State Simulation ● Results and discussion ● Conclusions ● Theory
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5 Alcohol Vegetable oil or Animal fat Glycerol Catalyst Biodiesel Transesterification
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6 Effect of Alkali-Catalyst
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7 Outline ● Introduction ● Theory ● Biodiesel plant ● Steady State Simulation ● Dynamic State Simulation ● Results and discussion ● Conclusions ● Biodiesel plant
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8 Biodiesel Production Prepare waste cooking oil and other chemical Transesterification Separate Biodiesel from Glycerol Catalyst Removal Biodiesel Purification Glycerine Purification
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9 Outline ● Introduction ● Theory ● Biodiesel plant ● Steady State Simulation ● Dynamic State Simulation ● Results and discussion ● Conclusions ● Steady State Simulation
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10 Biodiesel Production MixingTransesterification Heat Exchanger Recycle Methanol Methanol Recovery Acid Removal CaO + H 2 SO 4 ↔ CaSO 4 + H 2 O Water Washing Glycerol Purification Biodiesel Purification
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11 Outline ● Introduction ● Theory ● Biodiesel plant ● Steady State Simulation ● Dynamic State Simulation ● Results and discussion ● Conclusions ● Dynamic State Simulation
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12 Plantwide Control Procedure Establish control objectives Determine control degrees of freedom Establish energy management system Luyben &Tyreus 1998
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13 Plantwide Control Procedure Establish energy management system
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14 Plantwide Control Procedure Set production rate
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15 Plantwide Control Procedure Set production rate
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16 Plantwide Control Procedure Set production rate Control product quality and handle safety, operational, and environmental constraints
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17 Plantwide Control Procedure Control product quality
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18 Plantwide Control Procedure Set production rate Control product quality and handle safety, operational, and environmental constraints Fix a flow in every recycle loop and control inventories
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19 Plantwide Control Procedure Fix a flow in every recycle loop and control inventories
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20 Plantwide Control Procedure Check component balances
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21 Plantwide Control Procedure Check component balances Used palm oil Methanol Sulfuric acid
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22 Plantwide Control Procedure Check component balances Control individual unit operation Optimize economic and improve dynamic controllability
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23 Outline ● Introduction ● Theory ● Biodiesel plant ● Steady State Simulation ● Dynamic State Simulation ● Results and discussion ● Conclusions ● Results and discussion
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24 Disturbance test The control structure of Biodiesel production process
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25 Disturbance test Increase heat load disturbance of hot stream
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26 Disturbance test Change in feedstock before inlet reactor
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27 Outline ● Introduction ● Theory ● Biodiesel plant ● Steady State Simulation ● Dynamic State Simulation ● Results and discussion ● Conclusions
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28 Conclusions The control structure of this process can control purity of Biodiesel product greater than 99.65%wt. and glycerine by-product greater than 92%wt. (ASTM specifications) The control structure can control to achieve the control objective then change in load disturbance and change in feedstock before inlet reactor for transesterification.
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29 THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION
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