1. Respiratory and Excretory System Review

2. 1. The tubes that branch from the trachea are the 2. The dome shaped muscle below the chest cavity is called the 3. During swallowing, the air passage of the pharynx is covered by the 4. Alveoli in the lungs are connected to the bronchi by a network of tiny tubes called 5. Breathing is controlled by the chemistry of your blood as it interacts with the bronchi diaphragm epiglottis bronchioles carbon dioxide

3. Explain what happens to carbon dioxide and oxygen inside the alveoli. Alveoli fills up with oxygen and diffuses into the capillaries (blood). Carbon dioxide and water in the blood diffuses out of the capillaries into the alveoli.

4. Which is the correct sequence for the path of oxygen through the respiratory system? a)nasal cavity, bronchi, trachea, bronchioles, cells, blood, alveoli b) cells, blood, alveoli, bronchioles, bronchi, trachea, nasal cavity c) nasal cavity, blood, alveoli, bronchi, cells, trachea, bronchioles d) nasal cavity, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, blood, cells

5. 1. Where are the vocal cords located in the body? 2. Breathing is an involuntary process controlled by the which part of the brain? 3.What prevents the trachea from collapsing? 4.Where does the actual exchange of gases occur? 5.During gas exchange where does the oxygen and carbon dioxide go? larynx medulla rings of cartilage alveoli O2 diffuses into capillaries. CO2 diffuses out of capillaries and into alveoli.

6. 1.Explain what happens to the diaphragm and rib cage do during inhalation. Diaphragm contracts (pulls down). Rib cage expands. 2. Explain what happens to the diaphragm and rib cage muscles do during exhalation. Diaphragm relaxes (pushes up). Rib cage relaxes.

7. Identify the structures labeled in the diagram. trachea bronhi lung diaphragm

8. Explain the function of the respiratory system. Gas exchange between the external environment and the blood

9. Which structures contain a ciliated mucus membrane? nasal cavity trachea bronchi

10. The ______ is a long straight tube that carries air from the back of the throat to the lungs. trachea

11. What structures trap foreign particles and bacteria in the nose and trachea? cilia

12. 1.Identify A, B, and D. lung liver kidney

13. Which organ produces urea? What is the function of D? liver Filter wastes from blood Regulate water concentration of blood. Produce urine

14. What does organ A excrete? Which organ detoxifies the blood? CO2 and H2O vapor Liver

15. What are metabolic wastes? Examples? Wastes from your cells. CO2, H2O, salts, urea

16. Identify structures A, B, C, and D. Liver Ureter Urinary bladder Urethra

17. Which structure produces urine? What is the path of urine? Kidneys Kidneys  ureters  urinary bladder  urethra

18. What stores urine? What is the function of D? Urinary bladder Releases urine from the body.

19. Which human excretory structure aids in the maintenance of normal body temperature? Why is the skin also an excretory organ? Skin It excretes water, salts and urea in the form of perspiration.

20. What are metabolic wastes?