1. THE UNITED NATIONS IN A TURBULENT WORLD 70 YEARS IN BUILDING PEACE AND SECURITY THE BURDEN SHARING AND COLLABORATION WITH REGIONAL ORGANIZATIONS – AFRICAN UNION

2. AU: An integrated, prosperous and peaceful Africa, driven by its own citizens and representing a dynamic force in global arena

3. THE TRENDS AND NATURE OF CONFLICTS IN AFRICA

4. UN-AU STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIP  Since 1990, about 44 percent of Council meetings have dealt with situations in Africa  1990 to 2015, the Council mandated 27 operations in Africa

5. “African solutions for African problems” a policy embraced by the African Union

6. 2002 – AFRICAN UNION  African Peace and Security Architecture (APSA ) a comprehensive agenda for peace and security in Africa that includes: early warning and conflict prevention peace-making, peace support operations, peace-building post-conflict reconstruction and development promotion of democratic practices, good governance respect for human rights humanitarian action and disaster management  African Standby Force (ASF) AU Constitutive Act  right to intervene in a Member State in grave circumstances war crimes, genocide and crimes against humanity based on standby arrangements with Africa’s five sub-regions

7. Closing the AU’s aspirations-capabilities gap ambitions ≠ capacities shortcomings analyzing and predicting violent conflict formulating military doctrine planning peace operations mobilizing and deploying troops providing logistical support ensuring effective command and control professional standards vary troop contributors uneven interoperability reluctancy to participate in AU missions

8. Clarifying AU and UN roles in peace operations

9. Clarifying the roles of the AU and the Regional Economic Communities differences  competition

10. The Limits of Building Partnerships

11. Heterogeneous Institutions in their mandate institutional form resources political clout level of development as crisis management actors

12. North-South Divide North (budget) ~ 90% South (personnel) ~ 90%

13. External versus Internal Coordination   

14. Thank you for your kind attention!!!!