1. The Female Genital Organs
女 性 生 殖 器

2. The Female Genital Organs
Composion:
Internal genital organs 内生殖器
Ovaries 卵巢
Conveying ducts
External genital organs 外生殖器
Uterine tubes 输卵管
Uterus 子宫
Vagina 阴道

3. Ⅰ.internal genital organs内生殖器
Ovary 卵巢
Position－lies in the ovarian fossa in the angle between the internal and external iliac vessels on the lateral pelvic wall.
Shape－an ovoid organ
Superior pole
Inferior pole
Anterior border
Mesovarian border 系膜缘
Hilum of ovary 卵巢门

4. Supporting structures
internal genital organs
Posterior border－free border
Two surfaces－medial and lateral
Supporting structures
Suspensory ligament of ovary 卵巢悬韧带
Proper ligament of ovary 卵巢固有韧带
Function:
Produce ova卵子 secrete estrogens 雌激素

5. Female Reproductive Cycle
internal genital organs
Female Reproductive Cycle

6. Uterine tube 输卵管 General features About 10cm long
internal genital organs
Uterine tube 输卵管
General features
About 10cm long
Located in the upper edge of broad ligament of uterus

7. Four parts Fimbriae of uterine tube 输卵管伞 ovarian fimbria 卵巢伞
internal genital organs
Four parts
Infundibulum of uterine tube 输卵管漏斗
Fimbriae of uterine tube 输卵管伞
ovarian fimbria 卵巢伞
Ampulla of uterine tube 输卵管壶腹－relatively wide, tortuous, longst part, where the fertilization of the ovum takes place

8. internal genital organs
Isthmus of uterine tube 输卵管峡 －straight and narrow portion, is the place where the tubal ligation is performed
Uterine part 子宫部 －, pierces uterine wall and opens into cavity of uterus by uterine orifice of uterine tube 输卵管子宫口

9. Uterus 子宫 General features－muscular pear-shaped organ Three parts
internal genital organs
Uterus 子宫
General features－muscular pear-shaped organ
Three parts
Fundus of uterus 子宫底
Body of uterus 子宫体
Neck of uterus 子宫颈
Vaginal parts of cervix 子宫颈阴道部
Supravaginal parts of cervix 子宫颈阴道上部

10. Uterus 子宫 Isthmus of uterus 子宫峡
internal genital organs
Uterus 子宫
Isthmus of uterus 子宫峡
－short constricted part, between the body and the neck of uterus,

11. Uterus 子宫 Interior cavity
internal genital organs
Uterus 子宫
Interior cavity
Cavity of uterus 子宫腔－the cavity of body of uterus, is triangular in coronal section
Canal of cervix of uterus 子宫颈管－the cavity of the neck, opens into the vagina at the orifice of uterus 子宫口

12. internal genital organs
Uterus 子宫
Position
Lies in the center of the pelvic catity, between bladder and rectum；
usually it is anteversion 前倾 anteflexion 前屈

13. internal genital organs
Uterus 子宫
Position
Anteversion 前倾 －axis of uterus meet with that of vagina at about 90o ;
Anteflexion 前屈 －axis of body of uterus is bent forward to form an angle of about 170o with that of the cervix .

14. Supports of uterus Pelvic diaphragm Ligaments
internal genital organs
Supports of uterus
Pelvic diaphragm
Ligaments
Broad ligament of uterus 子宫阔韧带
Round ligament of uterus 子宫圆韧带
Cardinal ligament of uterus 子宫主韧带
Uterosacral ligament of uterus 骶子宫韧带

15. Broad ligament of uterus 子宫阔韧带
internal genital organs
Broad ligament of uterus 子宫阔韧带
Mesosalpinx for the uterine tubes 输卵管系膜
Mesometrium for the ovary 卵巢系膜
Mesovarium 子宫系膜

16. Round ligament of uterus 子宫圆韧带
internal genital organs
Round ligament of uterus 子宫圆韧带
maintain in anteversion position of uterus
Cardinal ligament of uterus 子宫主韧带 support the position of uterus to prevent from dropping.
Uterosacral ligament of uterus 骶子宫韧带 maintain in anteverted position of uterus

17. Vagina 阴道 Fornix of vagina 阴道穹
internal genital organs
Vagina 阴道
Flattened fibromuscular tube, about 8～9cm long
Extends upward and backward from vestibule to uterus
Fornix of vagina 阴道穹
Formed between cervix and walls of vagina
Posterior fornix
Lateral parts
Anterior part
deepest and larger part and related to the rectouterine pouch closely.

18. Accessory gland 附属腺体 Great vestibular gland 前庭大腺
internal genital organs
Accessory gland 附属腺体
Great vestibular gland 前庭大腺
On either side of vaginal orifice
Open on both sides of orifice of vagina

19. Ⅱ.External genital organs外生殖器
Mons pubis 阴阜
Greater lips of pudendum 大阴唇
Lesser lips of pudendum 小阴唇
Vaginal vestibule 阴道前庭
Clitoris 阴蒂
Bulb of vestibule 前庭球

20. Ⅲ. The mammae 乳房 Position
Lie in superficial fascia over the pectorals major and pectoral fascia
Extend from 3rd to 7th ribs vertically, and from parasternal line to midaxillary line transversally

21. Ⅲ. The mammae 乳房
Shape:
in the young adult female (nullipara) the mamma forms a round eminence. The mammary niple 乳头 is on the center of the mamma, and commonly lies at the level of the fouth intercostal space .
areola乳晕：pigmented area surrounded the niple

22. Ⅲ. The mammae 乳房 Structures－
The mamma consists of skin皮肤, mammary glands乳腺and adipose tissue脂肪;
Each brest has about 15～20 lobes of mammary gland 乳腺叶。
Each lobe has has a lactiferous duct 输乳管 which opens separately on the summit of the nipple and possesses a dilated lactiferous sinuses输乳管窦 just prior to its termination

23. Ⅲ. The mammae 乳房
Suspensory ligaments of breast 乳房悬韧带(cooper’s ligaments )－strands of connective tissue runs between skin and deep fascia and serve to support the mammary glands

24. Ⅲ. The mammae 乳房
乳腺脓肿切开引流时，应做放射状切口。乳房基底部与胸肌筋膜间有乳房后间隙。脓肿时，脓汁可向下扩散，宜做低位弧形切口引流。