1. 轴向拉伸与压缩 概念：作用在直杆上的外力或外合外力的作用 材料力学 A 学习总结 截面法求解内力的步骤： 1 、截开， 2 、代替， 3 、 平衡 F m m FF=Fn m m

2. 应力：内力分布的集度 拉压杆横截面计算公式： σ=F/A 拉压杆斜截面计算公式： σ=Fcosa^2/A ( 正应力） τ=Fsin2a/2A （切应力） 平面假定：原为平面的横截面在变形后仍为平面

3. 拉压杆胡克定律及拉压杆内的应变能 线应变：杆沿轴向的单位长度变形量 计算公式：纵向： ε=ΔL/L 横向： ε ‘ =ΔL ’ /L 泊松比： ν=|ε ’ /ε| 胡克定律： ΔL=FL/EA 应力状态的胡克定律 :ε=σ/E

4. 应变能 ：变形固体因变形而储存的能量 计算公式： V=FΔL/2=F^2L/2EA=EAΔL^2/2L 应变能密度：单位体积储存的能量 材料在拉压时的力学性能 试样要求

5. 低碳钢拉伸实验 四个阶段：弹性阶段 屈服阶段 强化阶段 局部变形阶段 在铸铁拉伸实验中：强度极限 是衡量强度的唯一标准，为塑性材料

6. 低碳钢拉伸实验 铸铁拉伸实验

7. 这章需掌握：应力与应变 轴力图 材料的力学性能 拉压强度计算 熟悉概念，牢记公式，贯通使用

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9. Diagram - ThemeGallery is a Design Digital Content & Contents mall developed by Guild Design Inc. Description of the company’s sub contents

10. Diagram Text 4. Description of the business 5. Description of the business 1. Description of the business 2. Description of the business 3. Description of the business ThemeGallery is a Design Digital Content & Contents mall developed by Guild Design Inc.

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18. Diagram Describe a vision of company or strategic contents.  ThemeGallery is a Design Digital Content & Contents mall developed by Guild Design Inc.

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26. Diagram Describe a vision of company or strategic contents. Title in here ThemeGallery is a Design Digital Content & Contents mall developed by Guild Design Inc.

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