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Nonphotorealistic rendering, and future cameras Computational Photography, 6.882 Bill Freeman Fredo Durand May 11, 2006.

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Presentation on theme: "Nonphotorealistic rendering, and future cameras Computational Photography, 6.882 Bill Freeman Fredo Durand May 11, 2006."— Presentation transcript:

1 Nonphotorealistic rendering, and future cameras Computational Photography, 6.882 Bill Freeman Fredo Durand May 11, 2006

2 Organization of NPR methods Automated methods –2-d processing –3-d processing Interactive methods –2-d processing –3-d processing

3 Computer generated watercolor http://www.cs.utah.edu/npr/papers/npr_course_Sig99.pdf

4 http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/cache/papers/cs/12745/http:zSzzSzcdserver.icemt.iastate.eduzSzcdzSzs97cpzSzcontentszSzpaperszSzcurtiszSzcurtis.pdf/curtis97computergenerated.pdf

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11 Interactive application. But too slow to let you paint in real-time. http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/cache/papers/cs/12745/http:zSzzSzcdserver.icemt.iastate.eduzSzcdzSzs97cpzSzcontentszSzpaperszSzcurtiszSzcurtis.pdf/curtis97computergenerated.pdf

12 Offline application http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/cache/papers/cs/12745/http:zSzzSzcdserver.icemt.iastate.eduzSzcdzSzs97cpzSzcontentszSzpaperszSzcurtiszSzcurtis.pdf/curtis97computergenerated.pdf User inputs

13 http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/cache/papers/cs/12745/http:zSzzSzcdserver.icemt.iastate.eduzSzcdzSzs97cpzSzcontentszSzpaperszSzcurtiszSzcurtis.pdf/curtis97computergenerated.pdf

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15 Steps in the rendering (user-supplied region mask not shown)

16 Resulting watercolor http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/cache/papers/cs/12745/http:zSzzSzcdserver.icemt.iastate.eduzSzcdzSzs97cpzSzcontentszSzpaperszSzcurtiszSzcurtis.pdf/curtis97computergenerated.pdf

17 Source image for a 3d animation

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20 Pen and ink illustration, exploiting 3d geometry http://www.cs.utah.edu/npr/papers/npr_course_Sig99.pdf

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23 The artist approved of this one… http://www.cs.utah.edu/npr/papers/npr_course_Sig99.pdf

24 Future cameras Computational Photography, 6.882 Bill Freeman Fredo Durand May 11, 2006

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27 What can be improved about current cameras? Dynamic range Blurred photos Post-shot controllable depth of field Post-shot editable lighting, positions, etc. Size of camera (your list first…)

28 What crazy other things? The previous list is all mostly with reference to the functionality of a film camera. Surely unexpected camera capabilities and uses, only possible with digital media, will come with future cameras.

29 Some possible future directions Assorted pixels Foveon imager Coded shutter flutter Light field camera Gradient camera

30 Some possible future directions Assorted pixels Foveon imager Coded shutter flutter Light field camera Gradient camera

31 Color pixel mosaic http://www1.cs.columbia.edu/CAVE/publications/pdfs/Narasimhan_PAMI05.pdf

32 Intensity attenuation mosaic http://www1.cs.columbia.edu/CAVE/publications/pdfs/Narasimhan_PAMI05.pdf

33 Color and intensity mosaic http://www1.cs.columbia.edu/CAVE/publications/pdfs/Narasimhan_PAMI05.pdf

34 Color and polarization mosaic http://www1.cs.columbia.edu/CAVE/publications/pdfs/Narasimhan_PAMI05.pdf

35 Temporal sensitivity modulation http://www1.cs.columbia.edu/CAVE/publications/pdfs/Narasimhan_PAMI05.pdf

36 Shree Nayar, Columbia University

37 http://www1.cs.columbia.edu/CAVE/publications/pdfs/Narasimhan_PAMI05.pdf

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43 Original (12 bits) http://www1.cs.columbia.edu/CAVE/publications/pdfs/Narasimhan_PAMI05.pdf

44 As sampled (8 bits) http://www1.cs.columbia.edu/CAVE/publications/pdfs/Narasimhan_PAMI05.pdf

45 Cubic spline interpolation to 12 bits http://www1.cs.columbia.edu/CAVE/publications/pdfs/Narasimhan_PAMI05.pdf

46 Linear regression interpolation to 12 bits http://www1.cs.columbia.edu/CAVE/publications/pdfs/Narasimhan_PAMI05.pdf

47 Some possible future directions Assorted pixels Foveon imager Coded shutter flutter Light field camera Gradient camera

48 http://www.foveon.com/

49 http://www.foveon.com/files/CIC13_Hubel_Final.pdf

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51 http://www.foveon.com/

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56 Foveon features Use the optical properties of silicon itself to separate colors. –Different wavelengths get absorbed at different depths of the silicon—blue, then green, then red. More efficient at capturing light—don’t discard 2/3 of the spectrum at each pixel. Variable pixel size, depending on photo mode or video mode. 2002: “…destined to become the standard in image sensors for electronic cameras.”, said Carver Mead, Foveon’s founder. Status now…?

57 http://www.foveon.com/

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59 Some possible future directions Assorted pixels Foveon imager Coded shutter flutter Light field camera Gradient camera

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64 Blurring convolution kernel Fourier transforms into sinc Fourier transforms into a function with no zeros

65 Some possible future directions Assorted pixels Foveon imager Coded shutter flutter Light field camera Gradient camera

66 http://graphics.stanford.edu/papers/lfcamera/lfcamera-150dpi.pdf

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75 Some possible future directions Assorted pixels Foveon imager Coded shutter flutter Light field camera Gradient camera

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