1. ESC401 – Introduction to Educational Computing Assessment item 3 Part A Teaching Resource Student: Asmi S. Sharma I.D.# : 11393261

2. LEADERSHIP STYLES most managers have a dominant style Recent theories indicate that managers bring a range of styles to their leadership position that may change according to the situation. However.

3. LEADERSHIP STYLES  Leadership style can vary from inflexible (autocratic/authoritarian) to flexible (laissez-faire). The three main approaches include:

4. 1. AUTOCRATIC  Strong, centralised control with a single source of authority.  Subordinates follow orders.  One-way communication (top to bottom).

5. 2. PARTICIPATIVE/DEMOCRATIC  Authority and power decentralised.  Employees involved in decision- making process.  Employees are self-directed and intrinsically motivated.

6. 3. LAISSEZ-FAIRE  Little or no central management role.  Employees solve problems as they arise.

7. CLASSICAL/SCIENTIFIC THEORY THE AUTOCRATIC LEADERSHIP STYLE  Managers who adopt a strict classical- scientific approach commonly display an autocratic leadership style. An autocratic leadership style is one where the manager tends to make all the decisions, dictating work methods and limiting worker knowledge about what needs to be done.

8. Main characteristic of autocratic leadership style  Managers generally provide clear directives to employees (they do not listen or permit employee input).  Managers control people closely.  Managers motivate workers through threats and discipline actions.  Good for meeting deadlines.  Allows for tight control.

9. BEHAVIOURAL-PARTICIPATIVE/DEMOCRATIC LEADERSHIP STYLE  A participative/democratic leadership style is one where the manager consults with employees to ask their suggestions and then seriously considers those suggestions when making decisions.

10. BEHAVIOURAL-PARTICIPATIVE/DEMOCRATIC LEADERSHIP STYLE The behavioural theorists believe that employees performed better when managers:  Encouraged a high level of employee participation in decision.  Set specific and measurable goals in consultation with employees.

11. Multiple choice

12. An autocratic leadership style is characterised by:  The opportunity to participate in decision- making by all employees  Flexible and freedom for all workers  A high degree of direction with a reliance on authority and obedience  A decision-making structure based on teams.

13. Sorry That’s Incorrect

14. Congratulations That is correct

15. Leadership within the business means:  Ensuring financial stability  Guiding, directing and inspiring  Taking responsibility  Maintaining the good reputation of the business.

16. Sorry That’s Incorrect

17. Congratulations That is correct

18. Under participative leadership:  True democracy exists in the workplace  The manager makes all the decisions  There is no place for teams in decision-making  Employees are encouraged to be involved in decision that affect them.

19. Sorry That’s Incorrect

20. Congratulations That is correct

21. A manager who makes all the decisions and directs staff to implement them is adopting which leadership style?  Democratic  Behavioural  Autocratic  Bureaucratic

22. Sorry That’s Incorrect

23. Congratulations That is correct

24. A manager who ‘sticks to the company rules’ is adopting which leadership style?  Democratic  Behavioural  Autocratic  Bureaucratic

25. Sorry That’s Incorrect

26. Congratulations That is correct

27. Student Activity  A common complaint among managers is : “ I told them, but they did not listen”. 1. Identify the real problem that management faces. 2. Outline strategies that management could introduce to resolve this problem. 3. Create a PowerPoint presentation to answer the above questions and present to the class.

28. Reference  Beattie D., McAlister P., Paine J., (2008) HSC Business Studies, Macmillan Education Australia PTY LTD.  Fleming L, (2000) Excel HSC Business Studies, Vivienne Petris Joannou, Singapore.  PowerPoint Quiz – How to make a Multiple choice quiz in PowerPoint, Retrieved on 18 May 2010 from http://video.about.com/presentationsoft/PowerPoint- Quizzes. htm http://video.about.com/presentationsoft/PowerPoint-