2. 1 Copyright 8 2002 Flying Kiwi Productions Inc. flykiwi@home.com An Introduction to Object-Oriented Analysis Objects and UML in plain English. Chapter 6: The Object-Oriented Development Life Cycle Based on the book by David William Brown John Wiley & Sons, ISBN 0471371378

3. 2 Copyright 8 2002 Flying Kiwi Productions Inc. flykiwi@home.com Chapter 6: The Object-Oriented Development Life Cycle (OODLC)   6.1. The Life Cycle   6.2. The Object-Oriented Analysis Phase   6.3. The Object-Oriented Design Phase   6.4. The Construction Phase   6.5. The Object-Oriented Testing Phase  6.6. The Maintenance Phase

4. 3 Copyright 8 2002 Flying Kiwi Productions Inc. flykiwi@home.com Chapter 6: The Object-Oriented Development Life Cycle (OODLC)   6.1. The Life Cycle l The OODLC is an update of the older SDLC l In this chapter we will overview the OODLC l Beginning in Chapter 7 we will look at detailed step-by-step methods for doing the Analysis Phase. l The aim in this chapter is to see how all the pieces fit together. l We examine the Analysis Phase in detail since it is the focus of this course.

5. 4 Copyright 8 2002 Flying Kiwi Productions Inc. flykiwi@home.com Chapter 6: The Object-Oriented Development Life Cycle (OODLC)   6.1. The Life Cycle

6. 5 Copyright 8 2002 Flying Kiwi Productions Inc. flykiwi@home.com Chapter 6: The Object-Oriented Development Life Cycle (OODLC)   6.1. The Life Cycle 6.2. The Object-Oriented Analysis Phase   6.2. The Object-Oriented Analysis Phase   6.3. The Object-Oriented Design Phase   6.4. The Construction Phase   6.5. The Object-Oriented Testing Phase  6.6. The Maintenance Phase

7. 6 Copyright 8 2002 Flying Kiwi Productions Inc. flykiwi@home.com Chapter 6: The Object-Oriented Development Life Cycle (OODLC)   6.2. The Object-Oriented Analysis Phase l In Analysis we model the users’ requirements DO. For what the eventual system must DO. conceptual model Output of this process is a conceptual model deliverables: The conceptual model consists of 3 deliverables: n Requirements Model n Object Model n Statechart model

8. 7 Copyright 8 2002 Flying Kiwi Productions Inc. flykiwi@home.com Chapter 6: The Object-Oriented Development Life Cycle (OODLC)   6.2. The Object-Oriented Analysis Phase Requirements Model Now let’s look at these in detail... The Requirements model has 5 components: l Project Scope l Context Diagram l Use Case Model l Interface Descriptions l Feasibility study

9. 8 Copyright 8 2002 Flying Kiwi Productions Inc. flykiwi@home.com Chapter 6: The Object-Oriented Development Life Cycle (OODLC)   6.2. The Object-Oriented Analysis Phase Requirements Model Project Scope what our project is to produce. The Project Scope is a statement of what our project is to produce. n States in general terms what the system will do for the users. n What functions will be part of it. n Which user it will service. l May be a paragraph or two, Or many pages, depending on the size of the project. l There is much variation in size and format among companies and methodologies.

10. 9 Copyright 8 2002 Flying Kiwi Productions Inc. flykiwi@home.com Chapter 6: The Object-Oriented Development Life Cycle (OODLC)   6.2. The Object-Oriented Analysis Phase Requirements Model will not do, It is also important that the Scope say what the system will not do, “push the scope” Otherwise the users will try to “push the scope” “Scope Creep.” Which causes “Scope Creep.”

11. 1010 Copyright 8 2002 Flying Kiwi Productions Inc. flykiwi@home.com Chapter 6: The Object-Oriented Development Life Cycle (OODLC)   6.2. The Object-Oriented Analysis Phase Requirements Model Context Diagram: The Context Diagram: l Shows our system as a large box, l Surrounded by smaller boxes, External Entities: Representing External Entities: outside our system ie., People, organizations, systems and other things outside our system that either provide data to it or draw data from it.

12. 11 Copyright 8 2002 Flying Kiwi Productions Inc. flykiwi@home.com Context Diagram Chapter 6: The Object-Oriented Development Life Cycle (OODLC)   6.2. The Object-Oriented Analysis Phase Requirements Model Context Diagram Radio CHQT Advertisers Database System Advertisers Regulatory Authorities Revenue Canada Shareholders Listeners Better Business Bureau Requests Billing Statistics & Reports Program Info Credit Ratings Quarterly Reports Financial Reports

13. 1212 Copyright 8 2002 Flying Kiwi Productions Inc. flykiwi@home.com Chapter 6: The Object-Oriented Development Life Cycle (OODLC)   6.2. The Object-Oriented Analysis Phase Use Case Model l Proposed by Jacobson et al. 92. Use Case A Use Case is a script, l A step-by-step description of how a user might make use of the system l To do a task. “case of the usage of the system.” It is a “case of the usage of the system.” s See Ch 7 for details.

14. 1313 Copyright 8 2002 Flying Kiwi Productions Inc. flykiwi@home.com Interface Descriptions Chapter 6: The Object-Oriented Development Life Cycle (OODLC)   6.2. The Object-Oriented Analysis Phase Interface Descriptions l GUI: interface to users l Interface to other I.S. Systems: l Real-World systems that we control communications interfaces: n System (hardware/software network protocols) interfaces n Person-machine interfaces

15. 1414 Copyright 8 2002 Flying Kiwi Productions Inc. flykiwi@home.com Feasibility Analysis Chapter 6: The Object-Oriented Development Life Cycle (OODLC)   6.2. The Object-Oriented Analysis Phase Feasibility Analysis l Can we do this project? l Should l Should we? l Can we make it work? (e.g. need technical resources) l Is the cost worth it? (is it worth spending the money) l Do we have enough time to finish it?

16. 1515 Copyright 8 2002 Flying Kiwi Productions Inc. flykiwi@home.com Feasibility Analysis Chapter 6: The Object-Oriented Development Life Cycle (OODLC)   6.2. The Object-Oriented Analysis Phase Feasibility Analysis l In other words: n Operational feasibility n Technical feasibility n Schedule feasibility n Economic feasibility

17. 1616 Copyright 8 2002 Flying Kiwi Productions Inc. flykiwi@home.com Feasibility Analysis Chapter 6: The Object-Oriented Development Life Cycle (OODLC)   6.2. The Object-Oriented Analysis Phase Feasibility Analysis l Operational feasibility n Will the proposed system do the job being asked for? s response time, throughput, … n Will it work in this company? s political acceptability, management of changes n It is worth the effort to find a solution? s Will it has positive impact on the working lives of the users? s Will it increase company revenue and/or cut costs?

18. 1717 Copyright 8 2002 Flying Kiwi Productions Inc. flykiwi@home.com Feasibility Analysis Chapter 6: The Object-Oriented Development Life Cycle (OODLC)   6.2. The Object-Oriented Analysis Phase Feasibility Analysis l Technical feasibility n Hardware and software s Capacity (PDAs for e-map) s Availability (Can we get what we don’t have?) n Technical knowledge s Training s Consultants

19. 1818 Copyright 8 2002 Flying Kiwi Productions Inc. flykiwi@home.com Feasibility Analysis Chapter 6: The Object-Oriented Development Life Cycle (OODLC)   6.2. The Object-Oriented Analysis Phase Feasibility Analysis l Schedule feasibility n Can it be done in the time allowed? s Which deadlines are mandatory and which are desired? s Late panalties

20. 1919 Copyright 8 2002 Flying Kiwi Productions Inc. flykiwi@home.com Feasibility Analysis Chapter 6: The Object-Oriented Development Life Cycle (OODLC)   6.2. The Object-Oriented Analysis Phase Feasibility Analysis l Economic feasibility n Cost-benefit analysis n Costs: s Development cost (wages, computers hardware/software resources, training, office support costs, …) n Benefits: s Tangible benefits (save time for users, improve response times, reduces expenses,..) s Intangible benefits (customer goodwill, better data, better decision-making, …)

21. 2020 Copyright 8 2002 Flying Kiwi Productions Inc. flykiwi@home.com Chapter 6: The Object-Oriented Development Life Cycle (OODLC)   6.1. The Life Cycle   6.2. The Object-Oriented Analysis Phase 6.3. The Object-Oriented Design Phase   6.3. The Object-Oriented Design Phase   6.4. The Construction Phase   6.5. The Object-Oriented Testing Phase  6.6. The Maintenance Phase

22. 2121 Copyright 8 2002 Flying Kiwi Productions Inc. flykiwi@home.com Chapter 6: The Object-Oriented Development Life Cycle (OODLC) l Modify Analysis model to reflect design decisions, l Mostly by adding information to the existing model. n Conceptual model  Logical Model  Physical Model l Add some new classes that do not directly model things in the real world. plan how Result is a plan (a physical model) of how the system will do what the Requirements Analysis asks for 6.3. The Object-Oriented Design Phase   6.3. The Object-Oriented Design Phase

23. 2 Copyright 8 2002 Flying Kiwi Productions Inc. flykiwi@home.com Analysis is what the system must do, Design is how the system will do it. Chapter 6: The Object-Oriented Development Life Cycle (OODLC)

24. 2323 Copyright 8 2002 Flying Kiwi Productions Inc. flykiwi@home.com Chapter 6: The Object-Oriented Development Life Cycle (OODLC)   6.1. The Life Cycle   6.2. The Object-Oriented Analysis Phase   6.3. The Object-Oriented Design Phase 6.4. The Construction Phase   6.4. The Construction Phase   6.5. The Object-Oriented Testing Phase  6.6. The Maintenance Phase

25. 2424 Copyright 8 2002 Flying Kiwi Productions Inc. flykiwi@home.com Chapter 6: The Object-Oriented Development Life Cycle (OODLC) l Coding and testing Should be done with an O-O language or database. l Deployment and user training.   6.4. The Construction Phase

26. 2525 Copyright 8 2002 Flying Kiwi Productions Inc. flykiwi@home.com Chapter 6: The Object-Oriented Development Life Cycle (OODLC)   6.1. The Life Cycle   6.2. The Object-Oriented Analysis Phase   6.3. The Object-Oriented Design Phase   6.4. The Construction Phase 6.5. The Object-Oriented Testing Phase   6.5. The Object-Oriented Testing Phase  6.6. The Maintenance Phase

27. 2626 Copyright 8 2002 Flying Kiwi Productions Inc. flykiwi@home.com Chapter 6: The Object-Oriented Development Life Cycle (OODLC) l Complete the unit testing of individual classes and programs l Then system testing. l Testing must be thorough and complete, automated l And automated. l For Testing and Quality Assurance see chap 15.   6.5 The Object-Oriented Testing Phase

28. 2727 Copyright 8 2002 Flying Kiwi Productions Inc. flykiwi@home.com Chapter 6: The Object-Oriented Development Life Cycle (OODLC)   6.1. The Life Cycle   6.2. The Object-Oriented Analysis Phase   6.3. The Object-Oriented Design Phase   6.4. The Construction Phase   6.5. The Object-Oriented Testing Phase 6.6. The Maintenance Phase  6.6. The Maintenance Phase

29. 2828 Copyright 8 2002 Flying Kiwi Productions Inc. flykiwi@home.com Chapter 6: The Object-Oriented Development Life Cycle (OODLC) l Maintenance starts when a system is built and signed off. l Maintenance activities: n Bug fixes n Enhancements n Viruses (bugs caused by viruses) n End-user computing (report generator, spreadsheets …) n Backups and restores s 3 levels + offsite. n Disaster preparedness and recovery s The World Trade Center bombing. s Murphy’s Law  6.6. The Maintenance Phase

30. 2929 Copyright 8 2002 Flying Kiwi Productions Inc. flykiwi@home.com Chapter 6: The Object-Oriented Development Life Cycle (OODLC) l Requirement model n Project scope n Feasibility analysis n Context diagram n User case model n Interface descriptions l Object model: n Class diagrams n Class definitions n Attribute lists and definitions n Notes and business rules l Statechart diagram Deliverables

31. 3030 Copyright 8 2002 Flying Kiwi Productions Inc. flykiwi@home.com End of Chapter 6.