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Published byMarian Davis Modified over 9 years ago
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Chapter 1 The Study of Our World
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The Way Science Works Science Observing, studying, experimenting to find the way that things work and why Technology The application of science to make our lives easier
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The Way Science Works Scientific theory An explanation of why something happens Must be tested Must be repeatable Must be able to predict Scientific law A summary of what happens Does not explain why Neither are absolute
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The Way Science Works Critical thinking Using logic and reason to make observations and form conclusions Scientific method Following a series of steps in order to solve a problem Use critical thinking
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Scientific Method Step 1 Make an observation Write down some observations about the M&M bag Step 2 Ask a question (form a hypothesis) Ask a question about what may be inside the M&M bag
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Scientific Method Step 3 Test your hypothesis with an experiment Use different variables Independent (Manipulated) What you choose to measure against Dependent (Responding) What changes because of your experiment Constant What stays the same in the experiment Control What you measure against in the experiment Let’s try it!
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Scientific Method Identify the following in your M&M experiment Independent Dependent Constant Control Open your bag of M&M (Don’t drop them!) Separate the colors Count the number of each color
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Scientific Method Step 4 Analyze your data Look at your experiment results Record all your observations Answer questions Analyze your M&M data by answering the following questions Which color had the most? How many were in the bag? Which color had the least? Make comparisons between the colors.
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Scientific Method Step 5 Draw a conclusion Sum up what you found Tell whether your hypothesis was true or false Write 5 sentences about what you found in your M&M experiment Be sure to tell if your hypothesis was true or false and why
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Scientific Method Step 6 Communicate your results Be sure to let others know what you found Use graphs, tables, and pictures Present at a fair or in class Write a report that people can read Tell the class what you found in your M&M experiment
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Ways of Measuring and Reporting Use three main types of graphs Line graph Show change in data over time Bar graph Comparing data for several different events Pie graph Showing parts of a whole
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Line Graph Independent variable Dependent variable
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Bar Graph
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Pie Graph
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The Way Science Works Qualitative Data that is reported using statements to describe it Quantitative Data that is reported using numbers
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The Way Science Works Precision How close together all the measurements are Accuracy How close you are to what it really should be
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Ways of Measuring and Reporting Use the International System of Units (SI) Known as the metric system Base units of SI QuantityUnitAbbreviation LengthMeterm MassKilogramkg TimeSeconds TemperatureKelvinK Electric currentAmpereA Amount of substanceMolemol Luminous intensityCandelacd
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Measurements in Science Measurements made with different tools depending on what is needed Time Length Mass Volume Temperature Weight vs. Mass Mass = amount of matter Weight = Earth’s force pulling on matter
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Converting Measurements Kilo (k) Hecto (h) Deka (da) Meters Liters Grams Deci (d) Centi (c) Milli (m) 100010010.1.01.001 54 g to kg62 m to cm93 mL to hL 0.054 0.00093 54 62 6200 93
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