1. 4.2 Ideas Help Start a Revolution OBJECTIVES: Learn about the Continental Congress and increasing tensions between Britain and her Colonies. Understand why Americans declared independence from Britain.

2. Second Continental Congress Began by John Adams Appoints General Washington head of Continental Congress Prints currency Sends Benjamin Franklin to France  Why?? ……………Battle of Bunker Hill

3. Battle of Bunker Hill June 17, 1775 2,400 Redcoats Britain lost over 1,000 men! MORAL VICTORY!....why? “Don’t shoot until you see the white in their eyes!” – General Prescott

4. Olive Branch Petition July 8, 1775 Not angry at King George III Who were they angry at? DENIED!!  “Blockade the rebels!”

5. http://www.cr.nps.gov/nr/twhp/period.htm

6. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. Written by Thomas Paine 47 page essay attacking the King and Parliament George Washington owned his own copy!! “I find Common Sense is working a powerful change in the minds of many men.” - G.W.

7. “ Common Sense” “The nearer any government approaches to a republic the less business there is for a king. It is somewhat difficult to find a proper name for the government of England. Sir William Meredith calls it a republic; but in its present state it is unworthy of the name, because the corrupt influence of the crown, by having all the places in its disposal, hath so effectively swallowed up the power, and eaten out the virtue of the house of commons that the government of England is nearly as monarchical as that of France or Spain.”

8. Declaration of Independence Continental Congress appoints a committee to prepare a declaration Thomas Jefferson chosen to express declaration Draws on philosophy of the Enlightenment Ideas of John Locke, “natural rights” Right to resist tyranny

9. Declaration of Independence It should be noted… 1.Power is derived from the consent of the governed = people 2.King’s power is not a “divine right.” Rather, the people have unalienable rights. 3.Original draft was rejected by South Carolina and Georgia because it attacked the slave trade. 4.The call for Equality was not originally meant to include women or minorities. 5.Second Continental Congress called for independence on July 2, 1776, and adopted the Declaration on July 4 th.

10. CausesIdeas Declaration of Independence Results

12. Loyalists vs. Patriots Maybe 1/3 of colonists were loyalists Loyalists were stronger in the South Loyalists included members of King’s govt. in colonies, such as judges, governors, etc. AND many ordinary colonists. Perhaps 1/3 to 1/2 of the colonists were patriots = calling for independence. Patriots tended to come from those who wanted more economic independence. *Many Americans tried to stay neutral, esp. Quakers. African-Americans fought on both sides. Native Americans tended to side with the British.

13. Compare and Contrast Loyalists and Patriots

14. Terms Second Continental Congress Olive Branch Petition Common Sense Thomas Jefferson Declaration of Independence Patriot Loyalist

15. Please read 4.3 for tomorrow!