1. Chapter 25 Nutritional Guidelines and Energy Needs for Active Children Karen S. Meaney, Ed. D., Kelcie Kopf, M. S., and Megan Simons, B. S. Karen S. Meaney, Kelcie Kopf, and Megan Simons

2. Learning Objectives After completing this chapter, you should have an understanding of: the purpose and goals of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans; MyPyramid Food Guidance System, it’s calorie criteria, and the six main food groups and the foods that are found in each of those groups; the daily recommended intake of calories for children; the role of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats as sources of energy for children; the importance of vitamins, minerals, fiber, and water in children’s diets.

3. Introduction Importance of Physical Activity for ChildrenImportance of Physical Activity for Children Factors contributing to Energy ImbalanceFactors contributing to Energy Imbalance Nutritional GuidelinesNutritional Guidelines

4. Dietary Guidelines The 2005 Dietary Guidelines for AmericansThe 2005 Dietary Guidelines for Americans United States Department of Agriculture and the Department of Health and Human ServicesUnited States Department of Agriculture and the Department of Health and Human Services http://www.health.gov/dietaryguidelines/dg a2005/document/http://www.health.gov/dietaryguidelines/dg a2005/document/http://www.health.gov/dietaryguidelines/dg a2005/document/http://www.health.gov/dietaryguidelines/dg a2005/document/

5. MyPyramid United States Department of AgricultureUnited States Department of Agriculture Takes into account age, sex, and activity levelTakes into account age, sex, and activity level http://www.mypyramid.gov/index.htmlhttp://www.mypyramid.gov/index.htmlhttp://www.mypyramid.gov/index.html

6. Child Friendly MyPyramid Developmentally AppropriateDevelopmentally Appropriate MyPyramid for KidsMyPyramid for Kids http://www.mypyramid.gov/kids/index.htmlhttp://www.mypyramid.gov/kids/index.htmlhttp://www.mypyramid.gov/kids/index.html

7. Discretionary Calories Essential Calories: Needed to meet daily recommended nutrient guidelinesEssential Calories: Needed to meet daily recommended nutrient guidelines Discretionary Calories: Extra calories we sue to meet energy needsDiscretionary Calories: Extra calories we sue to meet energy needs Increase in activity allows one an increase in discretionary caloric intakeIncrease in activity allows one an increase in discretionary caloric intake

8. Family Meals Decrease in family mealsDecrease in family meals Two parents workingTwo parents working Increase in number of low-income familiesIncrease in number of low-income families

9. Increasing Family Meals Set realistic goals for the number of family mealsSet realistic goals for the number of family meals Identify meals that work for your familyIdentify meals that work for your family Share meal preparation and cooking responsibilitiesShare meal preparation and cooking responsibilities Keep meals easy and uncomplicatedKeep meals easy and uncomplicated Have at least one adult present at meal timeHave at least one adult present at meal time

10. Nutrients that Provide Energy CarbohydratesCarbohydrates ProteinsProteins FatsFats

11. Vitamins, Minerals, Fiber, and Water Vitamins Water – solubleWater – soluble Fat-solubleFat-soluble Found in vegetation and animalsFound in vegetation and animals Vitamin DeficienciesVitamin Deficiencies

12. Minerals Found in earth, water, and foodFound in earth, water, and food Bodily FunctionsBodily Functions Food SourcesFood Sources National Academy of Science provides recommended dosesNational Academy of Science provides recommended doses

13. FIBER Aids in gastrointestinal processesAids in gastrointestinal processes Optimal intakes for children and adultsOptimal intakes for children and adults

14. Water Water Consumption is Critically Important!Water Consumption is Critically Important! Consumed through beverages, fruits, vegetables, eggs, fish, and other food sourcesConsumed through beverages, fruits, vegetables, eggs, fish, and other food sources Children at risk for dehydrationChildren at risk for dehydration

15. Summary Nutritionally Sound & Balanced DietNutritionally Sound & Balanced Diet Parents need to model healthy behaviorsParents need to model healthy behaviors Importance of Family MealsImportance of Family Meals Participation in Physical ActivityParticipation in Physical Activity