1. FIGURES OF SPEECH

2.  words or phrases that depart from straightforward literal language  used and crafted for emphasis, freshness, expression, or clarity.  sometimes called a rhetorical figure or a locution.

3. 1. SIMILE  Expressed comparison between unlike things that have a common quality.  Can be identified by the use of as or like.  Examples: –The little stars, like the little children, went first to bed. –Far in the distance the river gleamed as a flashing sword of silver.

4. 2. METAPHOR  an implied comparison between things essentially different but having some common quality.  Examples: o A train is a dragon that roars through the dark. o Love is a rose but you better not pick it.

5. 3.PERSONIFICATION  ascribes intelligence, action, or feeling to abstract ideas of inanimate things.  Examples: o The first rays of morning tiptoed through the meadow. o The flowers waltzed in the gentle breeze.

6. 4.APOSTROPHE  The dead are addressed to be living; the absent as if present; and the inanimate object and abstract idea as if they were person.  Example: o Oh world ! I cannot hold thee close enough. o Believe it is the lost wisdom of my grandfather whose ways were his own and who died before I could ask.

7. 5. ALLUSION  For rhetorical effect, reference is made to some familiar fact of history or literature.  Example: o There is no “Open Sesame” to the treasure of learning.

8. 6. HYPERBOLE  An exaggerated statement made for effect.  Example: o I have looked all over creation for my book. o It is going to take a bazillion years to get through Medical School.

9. 7. ALLITERATION  Repetition of initial similar consonant sound.  Example: o The soul selects her own society. o You'll never put a better bit of butter on your knife. o Vowel – assonance o Johnny went here and there and everywhere.

10. 8. METONYMY  the use of the name of one thing for that of another of which it is an attribute or with which it is associated  (as *crown* in *lands belonging to the crown*)  The pen is mightier than sword.

11. 9. OXYMORON  plural oxymora, two opposite ideas are joined to create an effect.  The common oxymoron is a combination of an adjective proceeded by a noun with contrasting meanings  e.g. “cruel kindness” or “living death”.

12. 10. REPETITION is the simple repeating of a word, within a sentence or a poetical line, with no particular placement of the words, in order to provide emphasis. Today, as never before, the fates of men are so intimately linked to one another that a disaster for one is a disaster for everybody. (Natalia Ginzburg, The Little Virtues, 1962)

13. 11. REPETEND  An instance of using a word, phrase, or clause more than once in a short  "I want her to live. I want her to breathe. I want her to aerobicize."

14. A. alliterationB. apostropheC. allusion D. personificationE. repetendF. hyperbole G. Metaphor H. simile I. oxymoron J. metonymyK. repetition 1. "Good coffee is like friendship: rich and warm and strong.“ 2."You'll never put a better bit of butter on your knife." 3.A horse is a horse, of course, of course, and no one can talk to a horse of course. 4.All the perfumes of Arabia will not sweeten this little hand. 5.Death, where is thy sting? O grave, where is thy victory? 6.Earth felt the wound, and Nature from her seat sighing through all her works gave signs of woe. 7.He was eager to help but his legs were rubber. 8.Hold fast to dreams for if dreams die… Hold fast to dreams for when dreams go… 9.I am going on a working vacation. 10.I violated the Noah rule: predicting rain doesn't count; building arks does.

15. SIMILE

17. OXYMORON

19. ONOMATOPOEIA