1. Classification Chapter 14, 19

2. Classification Carolus Linnaeus – developed the basis for our modern classification system binomial nomenclature – 2 part naming system Genus species ex: Panthera pardus genus is first part (Panthera, species is the whole thing (Panthera pardus, last part is specific epithet (pardus)

3. Classification taxonomy – the science of naming organisms and assigning them to these taxa (groups) KingdomAnimalia PhylumChordata ClassMammalia OrderPrimata FamilyHominidae GenusHomo SpeciesHomo sapiens (King Philip Came Over For Good Spaghetti) *complete classification for a human

4. Classification classification comparison of 2 different species: housecat leopard Kingdom Animalia Animalia Phylum Chordata Chordata Class Mammalia Mammalia Order Carnivora Carnivora Family Felidae Felidae Genus Felis Panthera Species Felis domesticus Panthera pardus

5. Classification 3 major traits used to classify organisms into the six kingdoms: 1) cell type a) prokaryotic – DNA is not surrounded by a membrane; has no membrane-bound organelles b) eukaryotic – has membrane-bound nucleus and organelles 2) method of obtaining food a) autotrophic – “self feeder”; makes its own food b) heterotrophic – gets its food from an outside source 3) reproduction & development a) sexual – involves union of gametes b) asexual – one organism makes identical copies (clones)

6. 6 Kingdoms 1)Kingdom Archaebacteria -prokaryotic -unicellular -mostly autotrophic by chemosynthesis -asexual reproduction usually -simplest cells ex: Sulfolobus, Methanobacterium

7. 6 Kingdoms 2)Kingdom Eubacteria -prokaryotic -unicellular -autotrophic or heterotrophic -asexually by binary fission -may be pathogenic (disease-causing) ex: Escherichia coli, rickettsias, Anabaena

8. 6 Kingdoms 3)Kingdom Protista -eukaryotic -mostly unicellular -autotrophic or heterotrophic -sexual & asexual reproduction -structures for locomotion ex: Euglena, diatoms, most algae

9. 6 Kingdoms 4)Kingdom Fungi -eukaryotic -mostly multicellular (yeasts – unicellular) -sexually & asexually -heterotrophic by absorption (saprophytes) -no locomotion ex: mushrooms, yeast

10. 6 Kingdoms 5)Kingdom Plantae -eukaryotic -multicellular -sexually & asexually -no locomotion -autotrophic ex: mosses, trees, grasses

11. 6 Kingdoms 6)Kingdom Animalia -eukaryotic -mulitcellular -sexual & asexual reproduction -locomotion -heterotrophic ex: sponges, fish, humans