1. Chapter 5 pages 83-101 Building the City of God:
Holiness in the Wilderness,Leadership in the World

2. Cp.5 Vocabulary for pages 83-88
Please read pages Take notes on important events/people. Answer the review questions in your notebook on page88
Monasticism
Holiness
Antony of Egypt
Thomas Merton
Contemplation
Basil
Jerome
Latin Vulgate

3. *Cp. 5 Concept A.*
Monasticism.4th C. > people began “retreating” from the everyday world in order to pursue holiness.
Antony of Egypt (Desert) sought out as a teacher and wise adviser
Basil developed a rule to guide monastic life
Jerome translated the Bible into Latin the common language of most people in the West. Known as the Latin Vulgate

4. A word about Monasticism
To come to God through Christ
To pursue holiness
A life of prayer, fasting and doing good works
2 types of Monasticism:
Eremitical>solitary
Cenobitical>community

5. A word about Monasticism
Monks(men) and Nuns(women) take 3 vows
Poverty
Chastity
Obedience
Who is the Monk or Nun’s role model?
Where do we look to see the 3 vows lived out in perfection?

6. A word about Monasticism
Just as an athlete “gives up” or renounces certain things to perfect his/her skill so do “God’s Athletes” give up or renounce certain things to help them focus on their relationship with God.

7. A word about Monasticism
Poverty, Chastity, Obedience help the Monk or Nun keep their focus on God
Remember> We are all called to a life of holiness and are called to practice in our lives Poverty, Chastity, Obedience.

8. A word about Monasticism
Asceticism=practicing strict self-denial as a means of religious discipline
For the Monk or Nun:
Poverty= giving up any personal ownership of things.

9. A word about Monasticism
Chastity = giving up spouse and family
Obedience= giving up personal will for the will of God.

10. A word about Monasticism
For Us:
Poverty= to be in a rightful relationship with the material world. Taking care of what we have
Sharing with others
Thinking before we buy

11. A word about Monasticism
Chastity= To be in a rightful relationship with the people in our lives.
Being pure in what we say and what we do.
Being faithful to our spouse

12. A word about Monasticism
Obedience=being obedient to the rightful authorities in our lives. God Parents, law enforcement, teachers, employers, etc.
Writing: How in your life do you try to live out Poverty, Chastity and Obedience?

13. Concept B: The Legacy of Ambrose and Augustine
Bishops Ambrose and Augustine help guide the church define its role in the world.
Ambrose>required Roman emperors to conform to the church and he inspired Augustine to become a Christian.

14. Ambrose Governor of Milan
People did not want an Arian as their bishop so they rioted
Ambrose quiets the riot and the people start shouting “Ambrose for bishop!”

15. More on Ambrose
Ambrose hides but he people find him and he agrees to be their bishop
Ambrose was a scholar, and an excellent pastor
Ambrose sold gold and jewels given to his church so he could ransom people help captive by the barbarian Goths.

16. Ambrose Stands Up to Power
He would NOT turn over the church in Milan to the Arians even though the emperor wanted him to!
The people of Milan supported Ambrose and packed into the church 24/7 so it couldn’t be taken over.

17. Ambrose Stands Up to Power
The emperor backs down!
“The emperor is IN the Church, not OVER the church; and far from refusing the Church's help, a good emperor seeks it.”

18. Ambrose Stands Up to Power
Ambrose demands that emperor Theodosius do public penance for his order to kill several thousand people(they were spared)
The church becomes a force to be reckoned with for now even the emperors obey it.

19. Ambrose Question
Ambrose stood up to the Emperor and guided him away from heresy.
Write an imaginary dialogue between yourself and someone powerful you wish you could speak to. What is the issue at hand? What do you want the person to do, or stop doing, why?

20. Augustine Background North African Dad=Roman officer.pagan
Mom=Monica>Christian
Good student
Leaves school at 16.No $$ for Tuition
Lives a wild life
Returns to school>lawyer at 18>teacher

21. Augustine In his search for meaning Augustine becomes a Manichaean
Heresy!
Believed that one god created good and another god created evil
Therefore no one is responsible for his /her sins!

22. Augustine
…later Augustine begins to believe in one God and that humans have a spiritual side
Ambrose and Monica are a great help to Augustine in his search for meaning.
Augustine converts to Christianity

23. Augustine Augustine writes The Confessions which is his autobiography.
>>Augustine Question:
Write about a turning point in your life, when you left behind one set of ideas, behaviors, or attitudes and took on a different set of behaviors, beliefs.

24. Heresies Augustine Fought
Donatists:
Apostasy can NOT be forgiven
Any minister of the church who at one time denied Christ, even if they repented, ARE NOT forgiven!
Therefore any sacrament they have given is INVALID!!
This heresy is teaching that the validity of the sacrament depends on the holiness of the minister.

25. Augustine’s answer to the Donatists
NO! The validity of a sacrament comes from GOD who works THROUGH imperfect human beings. The sacraments are actions of Christ and do not depend on the personal holiness of the minister to be valid.

26. Augustine Fights Another Heresy
Pelagianism:
Pelagians believed that people could get to heaven without the help pf God (grace).
By our own hard work we are saved.

27. Augustine’s Answer to the Pelagians
NO! We rely on and cooperate with the grace of God to help in our salvation. We can not do it all alone.

28. HORROR!!!!! The city of Rome falls to the Goths in 410
HOWISTHISPOSSIBLE?????
People in shock
Augustine writes The City of God
Roman Empire= “City of Man”
Church= “City of God’
The city of man will always fail but we are building the city of God!>love and service

29. Concept C: The Rising Influence of the Papacy
Remember: Rome(the city) has fallen to the Goths in 410. All political attention is riveted on the East. That is where the emperor resides in the new capital city of Constantinople.
This leaves Rome with not real leadership . The most qualified and stable institution to rule was the Church and the Bishop of Rome, that is the POPE!

30. Pope Leo I (the Great) Becomes pope in 440
Tough,intelligent and courageous
The empire is under attack from barbarians
The church is under attack from heresy.

31. Pope Leo I
The papacy(the office of the pope) was seen as so important that Leo began to use the title:
Pontifex Maximus. This title was used by Roman emperors to indicate their role as high priest in the Roman religion.

32. Pope Leo I
Pontifex Maximus= “highest bridge builder”> the one who “makes the bridge” between the people and the Gods.
The use of this title indicates Leo’s power,especially in the Western part of the Empire.

33. Pope Leo I Pope>father>affectionate term “papa”
When Pope Leo I claims the title “pontifex maximus” for the papacy the role of the pope is seen not just as a spiritual father but NOW as a powerful state official

34. Pope as Peacemaker Attila the Hun
Huns have swept into Italy and plan to take Rome.
The emperor asks Leo to negotiate
Alone and unarmed Leo meets Attila
Attila turns back his troops!
What do you think Leo said to Attila?

35. Leo and Heresy Some say Jesus isn’t human ( Gnostics)
Some say Jesus isn’t divine(Arians)
Leo calls the council of Chalcedon in 451
This council teaches that Jesus is both human and divine.

36. Dates You Know so Far in our Course…what happened?
C..33AD___________________
C.50AD___________________
313 AD___________________
325 AD___________________
380 AD___________________
410 AD___________________
440 AD___________________
451 AD___________________
476 AD___________________