1. Nic Shulver, N.A.Shulver@staffs.ac.uk Using Operating Systems What is a PC?

2. Nic Shulver, N.A.Shulver@staffs.ac.uk Using Operating Systems Definitions IBM defined the “de facto” PC standard in 1981 (industry standard only because it exists in large numbers) These days, Intel, AMD and Microsoft define many of the “de facto” PC standards A PC is a computer that uses an Intel x86 compatible processor and probably runs a Microsoft operating system – so called “Wintel” system

3. Nic Shulver, N.A.Shulver@staffs.ac.uk Using Operating Systems Hardware components Processor:- Calculations, scheduling, decisions Motherboard:- Base for all capabilities Chipset:- Provides much of the functionality of a motherboard Memory (RAM):- temporary store for programs and data while working on them Hard disc or SSD:- permanent storage for programs and data

4. Nic Shulver, N.A.Shulver@staffs.ac.uk Using Operating Systems Hardware components Hard disk:- primary storage of a PC SSD:- Solid State Drive, e.g. Flash Memory stick Video adapter:- handles video data, usually has a complex graphics processor Sound adapter:- Handles audio data, usually has a Digital Signals processor Keyboard and mouse – PS/2 or USB connectors Case and power supply – various standards and sizes

5. Nic Shulver, N.A.Shulver@staffs.ac.uk Using Operating Systems Software components Application programs Designed to perform specific user-orientated tasks Operating system A software that manages the PC operation Device drivers Small programs that work at low level to integrate support for other devices into the operating sytem.

6. Nic Shulver, N.A.Shulver@staffs.ac.uk Using Operating Systems Firmware components Special class of software and permanently stored on chipset Eg. BIOS - “Basic Input / Output System” BIOS manages the basic configuration information stored in the memory chipset and controls the low-level configuration that determine how the PC functions

7. Nic Shulver, N.A.Shulver@staffs.ac.uk Using Operating Systems Procuring a PC Choice – shapes, sizes, styles, uses Component quality – cost, trust, manufacturers Cost – may be related to both of the above Warranty – important for some users Consider: Do you buy a complete PC or build your own?

8. Nic Shulver, N.A.Shulver@staffs.ac.uk Using Operating Systems What to do with your old PCs Give it to your spouse Donate it to school or church Give it to an elderly neighbour/ relative Turn it into resource server at home Install Linux (free OS) and learn a new system