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Published byEvan Barnett Modified over 9 years ago
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Terrestrial Vertebrates Section 32.2
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Early Reptiles Important adaptations to terrestrial life that amphibians do not have: 1. Water tight skin 2. Water tight eggs
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Dinosaurs Beginning 235 million years ago Pangaea broke up and provided many different habitats for dino evolution Reasons for dino success: 1. Leg structure – position directly under the body 2. Drought resistance 3. Extinction of other competing animals
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Dino debate Ectotherms – ‘cold-blooded’; body temp changes with surroundings need less food; modern fish, amphibians, reptiles Endotherms – ‘warm-blooded’; body temp remains the same need more food; modern birds & mammals Debate about dinos – which one? Reason(s) for dino extinction? Climate became cooler Asteroid hit earth and caused loss of plant life Success of other species Some combination…
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Evolution of Birds Archaeopteryx – oldest bird fossil; basically a dinosaur with feathers Key feature of birds – feathers Today there are more bird species than any other terrestrial vertebrate They live in a wide variety of habitats and are adapted to many different lifestyles
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Modern Reptiles Only 4 remaining orders of reptiles: 1. Turtles 2. Snakes & lizards 3. Tuatara 4. Crocodilians – crocodiles and alligators
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Along came mammals Appeared about 220 million years ago Key features: fur and mammary glands Three groups of modern mammals: 1. Monotremes – egg laying mammals; spiny anteater and duck-bill platypus 2. Marsupials – pouched mammals; kangaroo, koalas, wombats, possum 3. Placental mammals – young develop attached to the placenta within mother
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