1. The Road to Civil War

2. Nationalism v. Sectionalism Nationalism Northeast & West: what was good for their section was good for the nation. Federal Government would promote their interests Sectionalism Loyalty to a state or region Problems viewed from a sectional rather than national view. South protected sectional interests and state’s rights

3. Northeast Interests Industrialization Ship building Water power & Steam power New England Farmers leave to work in factories. Banking Centers are in Northeast provide investment capital Northeast views the South & West as new markets for manufactured goods.

4. Southern Interests Eli Whitney Favor cheap land to grow more cotton Cotton can be grown year round Free labor was plentiful Northeast & England created a growing market for raw cotton

5. Western Interests Fertile land Cheap government land $1.25 per acre post 1820 Landowners grew abundant crops for market improving their economic situation Northeast & England bought surplus crops wheat, rye corn and beef cattle

6. Sectional Disputes Protective Tariffs Northeast favors tariffs South opposes tariffs not good for exported cotton West disliked higher costs for manufactured goods but saw a market for selling surplus food to cities.

7. Sectional Disputes Second Bank of the United States Northeast favored the bank because it provided investment capital & stabilized currency South & West opposed the bank favored state banks easy credit, cheap money, higher agricultural prices

8. Sectional Disputes Internal Improvements Northeast & West supported Federal Money to improve the nations transportation system ( roads & Canals). Better means of getting manufactured goods to market. South opposed had river system to get cotton to market

9. Sectional Disputes Liberal Land Policy Northeast opposed feared losing factory workers to the west. South divided favored cheap land in the southwest but worried about losing influence in congress. West favored cheap government land. More room for farmers and settlers.

10. Sectional Disputes TerritorialExpansion Northeast opposed feared losing influence in congress. South favored annexation of Texas to expand slave states West favored cheap land in new territory but opposed slavery.

11. Sectional Disputes Expansion of Slavery Northeast opposes South favors West opposes

12. Sectional Disputes South & Tariffs 1816 Protective Tariff All regions support the tariff. It was thought the South would industrialize. 1824 Northeast & West Support South opposes convinced it would hurt foreign cotton sales. 1828 Tariff of Abomination Webster - Hayne Debate Nullification by So Carolina 1832 Compromise Tariff 1833 (Clay)

13. Sectional Disputes Bank Dispute Second Bank of the United States Election of 1832 Jackson V. Clay Hard Money v. Paper notes Wild Cat Banks in the west Panic of 1837 land speculation & municipal construction projects that yielded no returns.

14. What fueled Manifest Destiny? Land hungry Americans who saw rich lands in the west. Patriots who feared British designs on western lands Eastern Merchants who wanted Pacific ports to trade with Asia. Democratic-minded Americans who believed territorial growth meant the spread of freedom. Nationalists who sought American greatness