3. SKILLS AND TECHNIQUES A SKILL Is an action that we use in an activity Cartwheel, passing, shooting are all examples of skills TECHNIQUE Is the way in which a skill is performed Examples of different shooting techniques; Lay up Set shot Jump shot

4. EASY AND COMPLEX SKILLS Easy Skills have; Few subroutines Physically undemanding Little co-ordination Simple order of movements One movement at a time Easy environment

5. Complex Skills have; Many subroutines Physically demanding Good co-ordination Complicated order of movements Many movements at the same time Difficult environment EASY AND COMPLEX SKILLS

6. STAGES OF LEARNING There are 3 important stages in learning and developing skills; –Planning stage (Cognitive) –Practice stage –Automatic stage REMEMBER When DESCRIBING a skill we use PAR (preparation, action, recovery) see your notes on this in your Swimming lectures

7. PLANNING STAGE Find out what the skill involves Establish all the parts of the skill First attempts at skill Many errors Cognitive process

8. PRACTICE STAGE Linking all the parts together of the skill Simple skill require less practice than complex skills Less errors during performance at this stage

9. AUTOMATIC STAGE No errors Key parts automatic therefore able to link various other skills together Basketball lay up requires speed, power to jump whilst dribbling, jumping, holding the ball and hitting a target.

10. AUTOMATIC STAGE No errors Key parts automatic therefore able to link various other skills together Basketball lay up requires speed, power to jump whilst dribbling, jumping, holding the ball and hitting a target.

11. METHODS OF LEARNING WHOLE-PART-WHOLE Used by performers who already have experience of that activity/skill Used with simple skills Perform skill, identify weakness, practice that weakness then perform whole skill again For example; Whole – swim frontcrawl, Part- arms not entering water straight, use float to isolate arms no legs, Whole- practice full stroke again

12. METHODS OF LEARNING GRADUAL BUILD-UP Used to learn complex(difficult) skills Learnt in stages, with each stage more demanding and required to be mastered before moving onto the next Learner can therefore concentrate on one part of the skill at a time before moving on An example from basketball lay up; 1) shot from 1 step and jump shoot, 2) shot with 2 steps and jump shoot, 3) 1 bounce, 2 steps and jump shoot 4) dribble, 2 steps and jump shoot

13. SKILLS PRACTICE Once you have learnt a skill you must practice it to help reach the automatic stage so you don’t have to think about it during the game The better you are at the skill the more able you become to perform that skill under pressure Once a skill is automatic you can think ahead to your next action

14. SKILLS PRACTICE A player will use a series of drills to concentrate on the skill These drills will become harder so that the skill becomes more ‘game-like’ If practice sessions are too long problems occur; –Tiredness drop in performance levels. Make sure sessions are not to long and are broken into short sections with rest periods. –Boredom loss of concentration and performance drops. Vary practices and don’t make then too long

15. ROLES & RESPONSIBILITIES For each type of activity people are required to take different roles. A ROLE is the part that a person plays in an activity. Different roles have different requirements to fulfil that role – these are your responsibilities!

16. ROLES & RESPONSIBILITIES (PERFORMER) When performing as an individual or as part of a group/team, you must understand your responsibilities to perform that role to the best of your ability. Some players will have more Defensive roles where as others will be required to Attack within a team formation. The individual role you adopt is dependent upon many factors; –Physical Fitness/Qualities –Skill Related Fitness –Skill levels –Decision making qualities –Personal qualities

17. ROLES & RESPONSIBILITIES (DIFFERENT ROLES) Your SGPE course will require you to adopt a range of different roles in addition to being a performer. Official –Responsible for activity taking place within the rules, the score is correct and players are treated equally Coach –Person who works on the skill level and works out tactics for that activity Helper –Feed the ball/shuttle to help partner practice skills Opponent –Act as an opponent so skills can be practiced in game like situations Can you name the different roles and responsibilities you encountered during your Basketball block? Scorekeeper, Timekeeper, Supporter ect.

18. PARTNER EVALUATION Watch performer Compare To Model Performance ‘Positive’ Feedback On good points Suggest Improvements performance Check For improvements

19. BASKETBALL PHYSICAL QUALITIES Can you and a partner describe the following physical qualities that can be found in basketball and give other examples of where you might find these qualities? Flexibility Joints Power Muscles Speed

20. THE END