1. 60s Youth Do Now: Who were the counterculture during the 1950s

2. Student Protest Movement

3. Reasons for Protest Warfare techniques –Chemical Warfare Associated with Holocaust –Torture Draft –Consciences objectors –Rich man’s war Cost of war –66 million a day (1968) Shady govt.

4. Reasons outlined Warfare –Weapons banned being used against Vietnamese Agent orange and other chemicals –Torture Records of torture angered many –The number of civilian casualties in Southern Vietnam.

5. Draft Dodgers Conscientious objector –Religious, moral or ethical beliefs Political –Did not believe that the war was just –Saw hypocrisy Draft policies were seen as unfair

6. War Costs Millions of dollars a day Lack of social programs Increase in income taxes to pay for the war 60000 dead and hundreds of thousands wounded

7. Methods of Protest Self-Immolation –Norman Morrison follows Buddhist example Burning draft cards –David Miller publicly burns– 2.5 years 9118 follow his example Protest marches –Kent State– 4 dead in Ohio –March on DC– 1 st 25,000– Larges anti-war to date Teach-ins –UC-Berkley largest-- 30000 Taking over of govt. institutions –Colombia University 1968

8. The New Left A growing youth movement of the 60's Followers demanded sweeping changes in American society

9. Students for a Democratic Society Founded by Tom Hayden and Al Haber Group said that corporations and the government have taken over America

10. Free Speech Movement Leader Mario Savio Free speech on campus California @ Berkeley Same goals as the SDS

11. The Movement Grows College Teach-ins March on Washington in 1965 A call for Civil Disobedience 400 chapters of the SDS by 1969

12. Why oppose Vietnam? Vietnam was a Civil War and USA had no business being there South Vietnam was no better than Communism Draining American strength and resources Morally Unjust

13. Columbia University 1968 Massive student protest. –Fitness Facility seen as segregated –IDA (Institute for Defence Analysis) Students took over many buildings on campus 900 people arrested. 3 university officials taken hostage

14. The Weathermen 1969 violent off- shoot movement of the SDS 1st action Chicago shopping district Bombed the Capital Building, broke Timothy Leary out of jail, evaded the FBI for most of the 70's

15. Days of Rage October 8, 1969 Days of Rage-- 4 days of Riots ● Weatherman gather anticipating thousands but only a few hundred ● Blow up a statue dedicated to police of Haymarket Riot in Chicago. (Blew it up again after rebuilt) ● Charged police ● Shots, tear gas, etc

16. Kent State Massacre May 1- Demonstrations due to invasion of Cambodia on college commons Vandalism that night May 2 nd - National Guard called in ROTC building burned down Arrests made and teargas used May 3 rd - Students help clean up Students regathered for sit-in Forced curfew Some injuries May 4 th - 2000 gather Guards can’t disperse Eventually 60+ bullets kill 4

17. Significance of The New Left The antiwar protest lead to the abolishment of the military draft. The War Powers Act of 1973 that curbed the President’s power The antiwar movement also contributed to the American publics’ suspicious view of the government.

18. Counterculture Movement 1965-1971 Counterculture- a movement made up of mostly white, middle-class college youths who tried to establish a new culture based on love and peace. Copyrighted Jeff Rainer 2/3/05

19. Throughout the mid- and late sixties tens of thousands of idealistic youth left school, work, or home to create what they hope would be a perfect community of love, peace, and harmony

20. Timothy Leary “Turn on, Tune in, Drop out” were the words of counterculture leader Timothy Leary. The counterculture grew from the 1950’s Beat Movement.

21. Monterey Music Festival The idea for the Monterey International Pop Festival came out of the mid-60's belief that what had been pop music was now a much more serious art form, and could take its place alongside jazz Artists agreed to perform for free, and the Summer of Love was born. The first major music festival was held on June 16, 17 and 18, 1967 at the Monterey County Fairgrounds in Monterey, California.

22. Pictures from Summer of Love

23. Haight-Ashbury Streets This "revolution" took place mainly in Haight Ashbury, a small neighborhood in San Francisco. The Haight Ashbury was little more than a few square blocks which stretched from the edge of Golden Gate Park for a half-mile down Haight Street.One could find cafes, head shops, poster shops, hip boutiques, the Oracle office and the Straight Theatre

24. and the Pig Commune Commune style living became Popular among Hippies after The Summer of Love. This style Of living gave Hippies a chance To connect with nature and religion. Wavy Gravy was a leader of one of the Pig Commune in New Mexico. Wavy Gravy also was the MC at the Woodstock festival.

25. Woodstock Music Festival The legendary Woodstock Festival took place over three days in August 1970- August 15, 16, 17. Among the performers, there were Janis Joplin, Santana, Richie Havens, Sly and the Family Stone, Jefferson Airplane, Sha Na Na and Jimi Hendrix, or as he called his band, Gypsy Sun and Rainbows. Hendrix was scheduled to close the show on Sunday night, but due to delays, Hendrix and band took the stage on Monday morning, to a crowd of only about thirty-thousand: far less than the estimated peak crowd of four hundred- thousand

26. Music of the Counterculture Music feature Hall of Fame groups Jefferson Airplane and the Grateful Dead. As well as rising artists Jimi Hendrix and Janis Joplin.

27. Psychedelic Drugs Psychedelic Drugs such As LSD became very Popular with the Movement because they Were not banned in California until 1966.