1. The Politics of Protest
The Student Movement and the Counterculture

2. The Growth of the Youth Movement
The Roots of the Movement
The early 1960s saw a phenomenon that fueled the youth movement—the rapid rise in college enrollment.
In the decade after World War II, the nations economy boomed, and the country enjoyed a time of peace and prosperity.
The growing nuclear arms race between the United States and the Soviet Union made many more of the nation’s youth worry about their
future.
The youth movement challenged
the American political and social
system and conventional middle
class values.

3. The Growth of the Youth Movement
Students for a Democratic Society
Young people formed the New Left (extremely democratic).
A prominent organization of this group, Students for a Democratic Society (SDS).
The SDS defined its views in a 1962 declaration known as the Port Huron Statement. Written largely by Tom Hayden, editor of the University of Michigan’s student newspaper.

4. The Growth of the Youth Movement
The Free Speech Movement
The issue that sparked the movement was Berkley University’s decision in the fall of 1964 to restrict students’ rights to distribute literature and to recruit volunteers for political causes on campus.
The struggle between administrators and students peaked on December 2, 1964, with the sit-in and Savio’s famous speech at the administration building.
The arrest set off a new and larger protest movement.

5. The Growth of the Youth Movement
Columbia University
Place where SDS leaders orchestrated an eight-day occupation of several buildings to protest the administration’s plan to build a new gym in an area that served as a neighborhood park.

6. The Counterculture Hippie Culture
Hippie culture represented an alternative life style rebellion against the dominant culture in the U.S.
Communes-group living arrangements in which members shared everything and worked together.
One of the most popular hippie destinations became San Francisco’s Haight-Ashbury district.

7. The Counterculture New Religious Movements
Many of the religious groups centered around authoritarian leaders.
Unification Church
Members of the Unification Church were known as “Moonies” after their Korean-born founder, the Reverend Sun Myung Moon.

8. The Counterculture The Counterculture Declines
After a few years, the counterculture movement began to deteriorate.
Most of the young men and women of the counterculture, unable to establish an ideal community and unable to support themselves, returned to mainstream society.

9. Impact of the Counterculture
Fashion
The international fashion world take its cues from young men and women on the street.
Protesters expressed themselves with their clothing.

10. Impact of the Counterculture
Pop Art
Derived its subject matter from elements of the popular culture
Artist Andy Warhol, produced many items using images of famous people, and repeated them over and over.
He employed the bold primary colors, and put words into his paintings in comic book fashion.

11. Impact of the Counterculture
Music and Dance
One of the most famous rock groups, the Beatles, took the country by storm in 1964.
Electrically amplified instruments.
Master of this new sound was Jimi Hendrix, a guitarist from Seattle.
Festival Woodstock, 1969.
Hundreds of thousands of people
got to celebrate the new music.
The Twentieth Century: 13:03-20:06 and 46:47 – 56:38