2. European Renaissance 12.1-12.2

3. Renaissance, 1350 – 1550 Rebirth of ancient Greek & Roman worlds Church power declined Society recovered from the plagues & instabilities of the Middle Ages Upper class more affected than lower Rebirth of ancient Greek & Roman worlds Church power declined Society recovered from the plagues & instabilities of the Middle Ages Upper class more affected than lower

4. Italian States Milan Venice Florence 3 major cities prospered by trade. Secular world view developed. Milan Venice Florence 3 major cities prospered by trade. Secular world view developed.

5. Machiavelli Niccolò Machiavelli –The Prince: book argued that a prince should act on behalf of the interests of the state Niccolò Machiavelli –The Prince: book argued that a prince should act on behalf of the interests of the state

6. Renaissance Society Three Estates –Noble/Aristocrat: expected to have talent, character, and grace had to perform military & physical exercises and gain a classical education –Peasants Made up 85-90% of total European population –Townspeople Had wealth from trade, banking, and industry Three Estates –Noble/Aristocrat: expected to have talent, character, and grace had to perform military & physical exercises and gain a classical education –Peasants Made up 85-90% of total European population –Townspeople Had wealth from trade, banking, and industry

7. Renaissance Society Parents arranged marriages – to strengthen the family/business Father-was the center of the family - (absolute power) Parents arranged marriages – to strengthen the family/business Father-was the center of the family - (absolute power)

8. Ch 12 Section 2 Humanism Based on the Greek & Roman literary classics (poetry, philosophy, & history) Emphasized interest in civic life Based on the Greek & Roman literary classics (poetry, philosophy, & history) Emphasized interest in civic life

9. Education Believed that education could dramatically change human beings Goal was to create complete citizens Believed that education could dramatically change human beings Goal was to create complete citizens

10. Vernacular Literature Written in the common language of the people. Examples: Dante’s Divine Comedy: Journey through Hell, Purgatory, & Heaven Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales: about a group of 29 pilgrims going to the tomb of St. Thomas à Becket of Canterbury Written in the common language of the people. Examples: Dante’s Divine Comedy: Journey through Hell, Purgatory, & Heaven Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales: about a group of 29 pilgrims going to the tomb of St. Thomas à Becket of Canterbury

11. Art Masaccio used frescoes (painting on wet plaster) Use of geometry to show organization of space and light Realistic portrayal of the human body (especially the human nude) Masaccio used frescoes (painting on wet plaster) Use of geometry to show organization of space and light Realistic portrayal of the human body (especially the human nude) Michelangelo – Sistine Chapel

12. 1.Leonardo da Vinci 2.Micheangelo 3.Brunelleschi 4.Raphael 5.Donatello 1.Leonardo da Vinci 2.Micheangelo 3.Brunelleschi 4.Raphael 5.Donatello 1 – Mona Lisa 5 – The Virgin and Child with Four Angels Renaissance Artists 4 – School of Athens 2 – La Pieta & David 3

13. Da Vinci’s Vitruvian Man Parachute What would have to happen for Da Vinci to reproduce life- like images of human beings?

14. Da Vinci’s Last Supper