1. MAURIZIA TOVO WORLD BANK Whats a good policy?

2. What is a policy? A set of principles intended to govern actions adopted or proposed by a government, party, business, or individual. A statement of principles and/or values that mandate or constrain the performance of activities used in achieving institutional goals.

3. What is a project? A programme of work to bring about a beneficial change and which has: a start and an end a multi-disciplinary team brought together for the project constraints of cost, time and quality a scope of work that is unique and involves uncertainty The implementation of a policy often requires projects

4. What is a good policy? A good policy is a policy that 1. Gets implemented 2. Produces desired results 3. Does not produce undesired results

5. Gets Implemented Conditions: Politically and socially acceptable: acknowledges different interests and values Realistic: takes into consideration available resources (financial, human, organizational) – determine what is needed, plan what is possible Right level of detail: provides guidance and ensures consistency but allows adaptation and problem-shooting

6. Produces desired results Conditions Builds on experience: what works but also what doesnt (thats why we have pilots) Sets clear and measurable targets: (e.g., how many, by when) Applies subsidiarity principle: government power ought to reside at the lowest feasible level (i.e. at the local or regional level, instead of the national or supranational level, unless the latter presents clear advantages) Measures progress toward targets: M&E are critical and should be included from the start

7. Does not produce undesired results Conditions: Monitor, monitor, monitor and evaluate regularly: listen to intended beneficiaries, monitor creatively, keep an open mind Learn from pilots (but sometime problems come when scaling up) Pay attention to details (the devil is in the details)

8. Whats special about Social Inclusion Policies Social inclusion implies social change: must change minds and behaviors: Find a champion: at national and local level Work with intended beneficiaries: they should be involved from beginning to end, but careful to elite capture Manage expectations: most real social change takes at least a generation (but set intermediate goals) Communicate: listen and tell (explain the justification and purpose, update on progress and challenges), at all levels.

9. Final words of wisdom No good policy will work without political commitment No good project will work with an incompetent manager (no design is idiot-proof)