Maritime Headquarters (MHQ) with Maritime Operations Centers (MOC)

Maritime Headquarters (MHQ) with Maritime Operations Centers (MOC)
CAPT Larry “Rat” Slade Second Fleet 8 May 2007

Close the gaps at the operational-level of warfare
Why MHQ w/ MOC? Gaps in C2 Capabilities: OIF, 9-11, OP Anaconda, Katrina HA/DR identified limited ability to: Command in a dynamic environment Rapidly identify necessary participants or communities of interest across echelons for planning and response to crisis action Provide consistent situational understanding at all command levels Efficiently collaborate Receive rapid feedback to assess and adapt to emerging conditions and shortened planning/execution timelines Demand signals / guidance: National Strategy for Maritime Security, Sep 2005 SECDEF memo – Formation & Sustainment of JTF HQs, Feb 2005 QDR, (Distributed Networked Operations) CNO Guidance, 2006 and 2007 Naval Operations Concept, Sep 2006 Consensus of CNO Maritime Security Conference, Jan & Sep 2006 CNO Z SEP 05 Development of a CONOPS for Globally Networking Navy-Maritime Organizations - Consensus of the Maritime Security Conference was to immediately focus on the things we can affect; TAMD, TASW, Theater IO, while systematically working on remaining areas of warfare Close the gaps at the operational-level of warfare

Where we were …. OIF/OEF lessons drive MHQ w/ MOC development
Develop Joint Planning Expertise: “When the CAT and OPG were stood up, staff officers' formal knowledge of joint doctrine, military planning process skills…, and information management plan was limited. These skills were shown to be essential for effective execution during 1003V.” – Navy Leader Build Operational Level Commander / Planner: “Navy has no counterpart to the CAOC.” “Some functions given to CSGs were more appropriate for Operational-Level Commander e.g. IWC, FOTC, MIWC, etc.” Advanced communication support systems historically targeted at the tactical-level (CSG) vice operational-level

Other assigned or attached forces
Levels of Command Strategic Level ADCON COCOM MHQs Operational Level Tactical Level Naval forces Other assigned or attached forces

Levels of Command NCC # Fleet CDR Combatant Commander COMNAVNETWARCOM
PRESIDENT SECDEF / JOINT STAFF Policy Level AGENCY National Mil Joint Intel Ctr Command Ctr Combatant Commander Strategic Level NCC Operational Level # Fleet CDR COMNAVNETWARCOM Tactical Level Chris Wagner ESF CSG * ESG * SSG & COALITION

MHQs must be prepared to fulfill all three roles
Potential Navy Roles Joint Force Choices Joint Force Commander Army JFLCC Component Service CDRs* Component Functional CDRs* Air Force JFACC Navy JFMCC Marines JFSOCC Sub-unified CDR or JTF CDR Joint Task Force CDR* Potential Navy roles * Navy CDRs in Joint Roles: (when designated by JFC) - Joint Task Force CDR (JTF CDR) - Functional Component CDR (JFMCC) - Service Component CDR in support of JFC (JFNCC) MHQs must be prepared to fulfill all three roles

MOC FLEET MANAGEMENT FLEET & OPS SUPPORT KM JAG PAO PERS MEDICAL ADMIN
DOCTRINE ADMIN CIS AND OTHERS

MHQ w/ MOC CONOPS Augmentation & Forward Element
MOC “right-sized” for normal & routine activities Reachback support reduces on-site manning Scalable as missions and roles increase in complexity Preplanned augmentation allows rapid transition with “ready” personnel Capable of distributed ops; afloat, ashore or distributed using forward element(s)

“MHQs with MOCs” Key Elements of the Concept
Functionally Organized Organize Maritime Headquarters (MHQs) to execute Fleet Management (Title 10) and Operations functions 2. Maritime Operations Center (MOC) Develop, activate, man and equip a MOC to support all MHQ req’ts 3. Organizational Scalability Augment MHQs with pre-established augmentation plans for expected missions (add’l Navy/Joint systems - people, processes, tools) 4. Organizational Flexibility Support flexible MHQ organizations (ashore, afloat, distributed) with capability to deploy forward elements, including the commander. 5. Standardization Standardize MHQs and MOCs for manning, training and equipping, while retaining commander’s options to meet theater specific needs. 6. Globally-Networked Globally connect MHQs and MOCs, with links to other services, multinational, federal, state, local agencies and NGOs

MHQ w/ MOC CONOPS Standardized MOC Processes
Derived from joint processes, to enable interoperability across joint commands Focused on A. P. E. model; Assess-Plan-Execute Standardized employment for MOC staff, augments, liaison & subordinates and other components Facilitates MOC-MOC coordination across geographic and functional boundaries MOC Process Appendix core processes

MHQ w/ MOC CONOPS Ops Performed by MOC Organization
Focused on CDR’s Guidance and decision-making Organized in centers, cells, teams working groups and boards based on type of ops Integrated logistics and intelligence Synchronized battle rhythms and cycles (TSC, MSO, MCO)

MHQ w/ MOC CONOPS Producing Global Maritime Influence
Global MDA delivered thru collaboration with other services, agencies, nations and commercial entities Global influence, shaping or response to trans-regional threats coordinated via MOC-MOC-other ops centers/agencies Common information sharing –“crawl”, cross regional planning – “walk”, workload sharing – “run” MHQ and MOC continuity of operations available during critical operations “provides relief” – MHQ’s could back-up each other via global network. Requires common policies, doctrine, processes and information structures

MOC Dynamic Detect, Track & Engage Process
“Watch” Chain MDA Intel Surveil Track/Char/ID Recon Assess “Kill” Chain MOTR (MDT) Engage Find Fix Track Target GMII Focus on C2/ISR capability to provide: Global (large area) monitoring of maritime activity Operational: Monitor traffic details, understand behavior patterns – establish normalcy Recognize anomalous behavior Access / Share relevant traffic and contextual information with low latency Hand-off to tactical forces for Maritime Dynamic Targeting System / Technical: Service Oriented Architecture with persistent sensing, robust information processing and dissemination Interface with legacy feeds, processes, and users as needed Growth or composable capability to meet evolving future demands or regional needs MOC capable of conducting multiple and simultaneous “Watch” and “Kill” operations across the AOR

MHQ w/ MOC CONOPS Certification Cycle
Continuously performing the certification cycle Organize: Revise command METs as directed Man: Establish new/revised activity and joint manning documents based on roles assigned Train: All MOC staff, subordinate and component personnel on NMET / JMET tasks and processes Equip: Identify mission reqts; correct system gaps Certify: Complete certification process Per JMETL (JTF HQ, JFMCC, JFNCC) Per NMETL (NCC, NFC or Prin HQ)

MHQ w/ MOC CONOPS MOC Manning
MOC manned to meet Phase Ø Ops with limited surge capability Self-augmentation available within MHQ for short duration Reachback and collaborative support provide virtual augmentation Active and reserve augmentation pre-planned and trained to meet specific tasks Joint, inter-agency and coalition augmentation tailored to ops

MHQ w/ MOC CONOPS Training - Joint Maritime Operations
Send personnel through Navy standardized MOC training; enroute or once attached Augment with other operational-level schools for functionally focused personnel Send key personnel through the Naval Operational Planner’s Course (NOPC) Use grads in key MOC billets Utilize NCTE for virtual and constructive training for MOCs Utilize CNO-sponsored Senior Mentor Program to enhance leadership team knowledge Picture of CNO at recent CFMCC COI at NWC Other Service colleges plus SAMS (Army), SAW (Marines), SAASS (Air Force), JAWS (JFSC) NOPC = Navy Operational Planners Course Currently a 13 month course, 30 students/year, throughput = 28/year CNE/C6F survey indicates 1 course grad onboard NCTE = Navy Continuous Training Environment

MHQ w/ MOC CONOPS System Standardization & Upgrade
Survey all systems against major process areas and MOC baseline, upgrade when possible / affordable Most MOCs currently have most of the FY08 baseline Includes capabilities for multinational and NGO collaboration Identify regional or functional unique systems; procure/install as possible MHQ OAG / Fleet input priorities for MOC configuration program Implement frequent system review and refresh process Microsoft Office and Outlook are the current baseline planning tools Information and Plans are shared with other services and nations by Collaboration at Sea web portal MOC to MOC collaboration using IWS and VTC

MHQ w/ MOC CONOPS Global Network of MOCs
5 Full MOCs: Numbered Fleets capability for all operational-level functions and roles across ROMO 5 Tailored MOCs: NCC & Principal HQs capabilities tailored to meet specific needs FFC, NAVSO; more assessment and future planning than daily ops CPF, same as above, + JTF-519 capability set NNWC (NIOSC) and SUB CTFs require specific functional focus

Navy-Maritime Organizations as Maritime Headquarters (MHQs)
(Geographic Combatant Commands) SOUTHCOM PACOM CENTCOM EUCOM NORTHCOM NCC-CCDR Numbered Fleets Principal HQs COMNAVSO COMPACFLT COMNAVCENT COMNAVEUR CFFC C3F / C7F C5F C6F C2F / C3F (Functional Combatant Commands) STRATCOM SOCOM TRANSCOM JFCOM NCC-CCDR Numbered Fleets Principal HQs CFFC NAVSPECWAR MSC CFFC C2F NNWC SUB CTFs

MHQ w/ MOC Delivering Key Enablers
Navy Enterprise MHQ Commands 1. MPT&E – Manning & Training Pipeline, Facilities, Competencies, Curriculum & Leadership 2. Materiel & Facilities Common C4I Baseline Globally Networked Forward Element Capability 3. Organization and Certification Assist and Assess Team Doctrine and Organization Standardized Processes FFC NAVEUR C6F C2F NAVSO NNWC C3F SUB CTFs NAVCENT C5F PACFLT C7F Enhanced Navy Operational-Level Command & Control MPT&E is the largest cost item in the funding, but the is appropriate because the people investment will reap the greatest benefit Materiel and Facilities (approx $7M per year across the FYDP) – all in materiel, did not look at replacement for C7F ship or new facilities, no nubers provided yet for the Forward element. N81 wanted to keep the JCCX items separate from the MHQ w/ MOC Organization is the design of the commands (what tasks, what processes to do the tasks, how many people, how best to organize) Certification can be both a Navy led effort to check # Fleet ability to do normal and routine maritime security operations (like a CSG NMETL cert) or can include the JFMCC or JTF HQ cert. Key note majority of the certs take events across months to complete. Back-up slides are included to show.

MHQ w/ MOC – Navy’s Operational-Level of Warfare Enabler
MHQ w/ MOC Summary Operational-Level Gaps Must Be Closed Navy Must Influence Joint, National and Coalition Navy solution will influence and integrate with joint C2 efforts MHQ w/ MOC sharpens national and international MDA focus Balance Capability Delivery with Risk / Affordability Accelerate development of “core” MHQ w/ MOC capabilities Implement MHQ w/ MOC elements at high priority commands Deliver balance of capabilities on a phased, controlled schedule MHQ w/ MOC – Navy’s Operational-Level of Warfare Enabler

Questions?

Time to go…..

Functional Alignment of MHQ
MARITIME HEADQUARTERS (MHQ) JTF CDR NCC-CCDR Navy Operational-Level CDRs*: Navy Component CDR (NCC-CCDR) Numbered Fleet CDR (# Fleet CDR) - Principal HQ CDR (Prin. HQ CDR) Designated Joint CDRs**: - Joint Task Force CDR (JTF CDR) - Functional Component CDR (JFMCC) - Navy Service Component CDR (JFNCC) # Fleet CDR JFMCC Prin. HQ CDR * as assigned in Forces For… JFNCC ** when designated by JFC MHQ CDR Fleet Management Operations (MOC) Shared Support Staff Fleet & Ops Navy Service Functions Functions Operations Functions How Do We Align Fleet HQ Functionality?

MHQ w/ MOC CONOPS Certification Support Responsibilities
Training Lane Work on BIG “J” JFCOM IAC / Int’l COCOMs JTF Joint Work on Little “j” (Joint Organize, Train, and Equip) JFSOCC SOCOM JFLCC USA / USMC Functional JFACC USAF JFMCC USN JFNCC / MHQ CSG/ ESG Platform Individual Shared responsibility (Service Organize, Train, and Equip) Service Certify as directed – COCOM for JTF / JFMCC; NCC for JFNCC / NFC

“MOC Generated” TAMD Plan
DEMO DATA ONLY Fully Integrated, Prepared, Executable ADP

MHQ w/ MOC CONOPS Functional Theater Organization
Operational Level AADC MHQ w/ MOC TIO TSTK TASW TAMD TBD (Non-Kinetic and Kinetic) ESF Tactical Level CSG CSG ESG ESG ESG SSG SSG UNCLASSIFIED

MHQ w/ MOC Supports Theater & JOA Reqt’s
Focused Logistics (LOG) Battlespace Awareness (BA) Command & Control (C2) Operational Protection (P) Force Application (Fires) IGO / NGO Interagency (IA) Force Management (FM) THEATER / AOR JOA NCC, # Fleet, JFMCC Theater Tasks (executed thru functional subordinate CDRs) JOA Maritime Tasks thru ESF + other forces FM LOG BA C2 P Fires IA - Theater Force Mgt, RFFs - Theater-wide Logistics Support - Regional MDA, ISR, Reg. COP - OPLANs, Organize, Tasking - TAMD, TASW, AT/FP Theater IO, Targeting, Strike POLMIL, IGO Coord FM LOG BA C2 P Fires IA/NGO - RFF for JOA, - Log Plans, Reqts - Local COP, CM plan - Guidance, Plan, Task - AW, AT/FP, ASW STKC, TLAM, IO Criminal, HA/DR Mutual Support: AOR - JOA Mutual Support: AOR - AOR Core MHQ w/ MOC Functions – Support Theater & JOA Req’ts

MHQ WITH MOC: SIMULTANEOUS ROLES
Inter- Agency POL MIL SUBORDINATE COMPONENTS & JTFs JFC JTF JOA Focus SUBORDINATE CROSS-COALITION SUBORDINATE NAVAL & JOINT FORCES JFMCC JOA Focus FUNCTIONAL COMPONENT CROSS-COMPONENT JFC CNO JOINT TRAINING COALITION TRAINING SUBORDINATE NAVAL FORCES Theater Focus MHQ DAY-TO-DAY SERVICE FUNCTIONS ADCON ADCON & OPCON JFC JOINT/ COALITION INTER-AGENCY SUBORDINATE NAVAL FORCES Theater Focus MHQ DAY-TO-DAY THEATER OPERATIONS OPCON JFC CROSS- COALITION CROSS- SERVICE SUBORDINATE NAVAL FORCES JOA Focus SERVICE COMPONENT JFNCC

Fleet Management Functions Science and Experimentation
CIS JAG Science and Experimentation Program & Budget DOCTRINE POLICY ADMIN ASSESSMENT REQUIREMENTS MHQ CDR CENTRALIZED GUIDANCE FLEET SUPPORT Schedules Fleet Training KM READINESS PAO SUSTAINMENT MEDICAL Maintenance & Supply AND OTHERS…

Manage Planning on 3 Event Horizons
Future Plans / J5 Future Ops / J35 Current Ops / J3 Operational focus is on “what’s next.” Typically responsible for planning the next phase of operations (sequels). Operational focus is on “what if.” Typically responsible for branch planning. Prepares components for future operations Warning Orders (WARNORDs). Operational focus is on execution of current operations, “what is.” Directs execution of branches and sequels Fragmentary Operation Orders (FRAGOs). Products Products Products Branch plans Preconditions Triggers Draft Cdr’s intent Recommend CCIRs Concept of ops Component tasks Coord instructions Risks ROE Changes Plan Synch Decision support matrix / template OPLANS OPORDERS Wargaming results Initial JTF/JFMCC guidance Sequel plans for future phases Concept of operations Risks Draft Cdr’s intent Handoff Handoff Execution checklists CCIR oversight ORDERS Branch plan “Sketch / Storyboard” with draft WARNORD and synch / decision support tools With planner explanation “Sketch / Storyboard” sequels With planner explanation

Effects Based Thinking
Strategic Operational Joint Tactical Actions Nat’l and Int’l Objectives D P M E S I Analysis EFFECTS Translate Country Teams Objectives I Guidance / Intent RCC Objectives M E (See slide 2) Commanders and staffs translate what they see, hear, and feel from national / international dialogue into solid, logical Campaign Objectives from the RCC perspective Staff and components analyze the mission using all tools available (ONA, CIE, COA, VIE, etc.) to determine what Effects they want to accomplish within the operational environment to achieve theater and strategic objectives Commander issues guidance and intent to his staff and components and the supporting agencies to accomplish fused, synchronized, and appropriate Actions on PMESII systems within the operational environment to attain desired effects and achieve objectives

Maritime Operations Center Maritime Operations Center
Standardized Procedures and Staffs for more seamless integration across Joint Components No more: “You operate totally differently than the other Navy command did.” XXX CFLCC XXX CFLCC DEPLOYMENT training exercise contingency Navy Service Functions Operations MHQ CDR Fleet Management Mutual Support Maritime Operations Center Fleet & Ops Support Navy Service Functions Operations MHQ CDR Fleet Management Mutual Support Maritime Operations Center Fleet & Ops Support Moving from one CCDR to another CCDR

MHQ role in MDA Navy’s Operational level MDA C2 node.
Linkage to USCG Areas & Districts Disseminate tactical MDA from units Coordinate with Int’l partners and CCDRs ?? Global network of MOCs will help develop Global MDA from Regional MDA GMSA Enterprise interaction remains TBD

Maritime Domain Awareness
Joint Interagency Alliances Coalition Nation-Nation Commercial Need to Share vs. Need to Know Global network of MOCs will form the backbone for the Navy’s contribution to the MDA “Mural” MHQ with MOC implementation will be synchronized with National and OPNAV MDA efforts

CNO Direction (11 JUL 06) Champion and Align Around MHQ w/ MOC
OPNAV Sponsor Provide Continuing Development Funds OPNAV FY-07 Funding Treat MHQ w/ MOC as Weapons System Emphasize Common Functions, Processes, Billets, Systems across all MHQs Infuse MHQ w/ MOC into Maritime Strategy and OPS Concepts

CNO Tasking (15 NOV 06) 1. Standardization of MOCs. Coordinate with JFCOM to do an independent quicklook of how our various MOCs function today. Follow this quicklook with a self-assessment from each fleet commander at the next Maritime Security Conference. (action – C2F / FFC) 2. Intel requirements and realignment. Move out on intel realignment to support both the operational and tactical level requirements. Provide me with a coordinated proposal. (action – OPNAV N2 / FFC) 3. Navy IO in STRATCOM domain. I need a better understanding on how we present / protect Navy equity in the joint arena as STRATCOM constructs its JFCCs. (action – NNWC / OPNAV N6) 4. Accelerate revision of JP 3-32. Revise to incorporate current MHQ w/ MOC Concept and CONOPS. Do so inside the normal revision timeline. (action – NWDC / OPNAV N3/5) 5. Deliver a Strategic Communication Plan for MHQ w/ MOC. (action – FFC / C2F) 6. Human Resources Study for MHQ w/ MOC. Identify the personnel and training requirements for MHQ w/ MOC within the PR-09 build. (action - OPNAV N1 / NWC)

MHQ w/ MOC Critical Paths / Major Milestones
Category Phasing Plan CBA, METL, Experiments Doctrine Organization Training Materiel Leadership & Education Personnel Facilities CBAs Op Architecture Experimentation NWP NTTP / JTTP JP 3-32 JMETL Competencies Manning Doc Curriculum Dev Ongoing MHQ w/ MOC Training Cert Team Dev Ongoing JFMCC Assist, Assess and Certification System Design # Fleet MOCs MOC “T” Ongoing Maintenance MOC “X” CFFC & CPF MOCs JFMCC Coalition O-5/O-6 Ongoing Flag, O-5/O-6, Coalition JFMCC Courses Curriculum Dev Reserves RC AMD Ongoing Personnel review & alignment Detailing Joint JMD MOC “T” Ongoing upgrades NCCs

MHQ w/ MOC Experimentation
Spiral Development MHQ Capabilities Portfolios Discovery Hypothesis Testing Demonstration Acquire/ Build Fielded Capability We are here CSAF reserves place for another initiative Coalition will Play Other Services have been invited to participate Live Fly will be enhanced Four Capabilities - Focus on data-link enabled situational awareness & effects assessment between Force Level and Unit Level using TBONE Focus on Multi-Intelligence fusion to improve analysis capability and reducing number of applications following TBONE model Focus on integrating ConstellationNet from space to terrestrial and integrating datalink with TCP/IP networking Focus on an OCONUS threat to ports and utilizing a NORAD like maritime defense network. 24 Months 18 Months

Globally Networked MOCs (TW07) Global Maritime Information Highways
Combatant Commanders (Geographic) (Functional) N C J T F N C J T F N C J T F N C JTF & JFMCC N U M B E R D F L T N U M B E R D F L T N U M B E R D F L T Functional NCCs & Prin HQs FFC, SPECWAR, MSC, NNWC, Sub CTFs J F M C J F M C J F M C AUS MOC CAN MOC NATO MOC(s) 2nd Fleet 3rd Fleet 6th Fleet ITALY UK ONI/NMIC INTEL M D A Purpose: This slide represents the means by which the Navy will provide Combatant Commanders with MDA (local, regional and global) as well as utilize the “highway of MDA information” 1. “Maritime Triad” exists between the # Fleet(s), their respective Worldwide Navy Comp Cdrs and the standing/contingent JFMCC for the regional COCOM AOR. Similar is true for the functional COCOMs. 2. The “Maritime Triad” organizations (WNCCs, JFMCCs, # Fleets) will be both “providers” and “end users” of MDA information. Numbered Fleets will act as the conduit for local, regional and global MDA, supported through reachback by ONI, NNWC and others. 3. Numbered Fleets will be the Navy’s primary organization to fulfill JFMCC req’ts. 4. MDA information can flow from # Fleets to the WNCC (service component) to the COCOM or through the JFMCC (joint component) to the COCOM as the COCOM desires. 5. Daily Intelligence Operations and Reporting ISO of MDA a. Tactical Unit reporting (IAW various doctrine including OPTASK MIO, OPTASK INTEL, Field Intelligence Collection Manual. Reported data assimilated into various databases and geographically displayed via GCCS. b. National Agency and DHS (USCG) Maritime Threat Reporting and Commercial Ship Tracking (USCG, Intelligence Coordination Center colocated w/NMIC, MIFC LANT, MIFC PAC). c. National Maritime Intelligence Center (NMIC) provides fusion, analysis and disemmination of Maritime Intelligence Data. Areas of Expertise: Maritime Target Development Team, Cargo Ship Tracking Team, SPEAR, SWORD, SABER, TRIDENT d. Theater Daily Intelligence Reporting (Regionally specific Naval and Maritime Analysis) e. NCIS Multiple Threat Alert Center (MTAC) Spot Reports **** Take Away**** Daily efforts contribute to a regional CIP, improve MDA and ultimately support Globally Netted JFMCCs. Ongoing and future developments will enhance the entire process. ONI - National Maritime Intelligence Center (NMIC) must be the Maritime Intelligence and Information Broker that facilitates information sharing across the global JFMCCs, National Intel Agencies, Interagency, Allies and the Maritime Industry. OTHER SERVICES STRATEGIC COMMUNICATIONS COP / UDOP USCG LANT/PAC INFO / DATABASES OTHER AGENCIES COMM’L ENTITIES COALITION COALITION COALITION Core Functions, Processes and Systems Must be Common

Globally Connected AOCs & MOCs (JEFX 08)
Network USN & Coalition MOCs to USAF Linked AOCs to perform integrated operations within and across theaters and regions

MOC Operations Process Centralized Assessment
OPS SUPPORT CIS JAG MOC Command Element DOCTRINE Current Operations Centralized Assessment ADMIN Centralized Guidance OPS SUPPORT Decentralized Execution KM Distributed planning Future Planning PAO Future Operations MEDICAL AND OTHERS… Standardized Process with integrated Intel, Logistics & Liaison

Maritime Operations Center Maritime Operations Center
Standardized Procedures and Staffs for more seamless “CHOP” of USN Forces No more: “Forget how you did it in Xth Fleet.. We do things differently here” Navy Service Functions Operations MHQ CDR Fleet Management Mutual Support Maritime Operations Center Fleet & Ops Support Navy Service Functions Operations MHQ CDR Fleet Management Mutual Support Maritime Operations Center Fleet & Ops Support Change of Operational Control (CHOP)

MOC Targeting Process - Supports Joint targeting process & unique Maritime targeting needs JTL Joint Target List Maritime TST Input subset of JFC TST Maritime Target Nomination List JFC JIPTL – Joint Integrated Prioritized Target List subset of Joint-oriented targeting Maritime-oriented targeting Maritime Prioritized Target List Maritime Dynamic Target List MTL Maritime Target List MDT Delegated to Maritime Subordinates (SG/CTF)

Maritime Headquarters (MHQ) with Maritime Operations Centers (MOC)

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