1. Top-down or Bottom- up Approach for Legal Standards? Donatella Solda-Kutzmann LAPSI - Warsaw 2011

2. key words top-down: territorial uniformity, automatic adoption, fragmentation bottom-up: inertia of PSIH, critical mass, social acceptance, endorsement

3. top-down v. bottom- up either approach will mirror the specific local practice shall take into account the interests of the stakeholders

4. IGF Nairobi Sept. 2011 In the cross-border context the need for a standard licence that is both human and machine readable that is consistent across UN Member States with respect to the conditions that the public sector data may be used is vital if innovative products and services are to evolve and to flourish. This is particularly important in a multi-lingual environment such as that which prevails at the global level and even within economic groupings of UN Member States such as the EU where there are 23 official languages.

5. EU Digital Single Market A possible first step towards enhanced licensing efficiency would be the creation of a streamlined pan- European and/or multi-territory licensing process. Creative Content in a European Digital Single Market: Challenges for the Future A Reflection Document of DG INFSO and DG MARKT 22 October 2009 Creative Content in a European Digital Single Market: Challenges for the Future A Reflection Document of DG INFSO and DG MARKT 22 October 2009

6. Top-down? UK Open Government LicenceOpen Government Licence Australia - Australian Government Open Access and Licensing FrameworkAustralian Government Open Access and Licensing Framework Canada: Open Data Licence Agreement for Unrestricted Use of Canada's DataOpen Data Licence Agreement for Unrestricted Use of Canada's Data France: Licence simplifiée « information publique librement réutilisable » http://donneeslibres.info/opendataFR.pdfLicence simplifiée « information publique librement réutilisable » Italy: IODLIODL New Zealand: New Zealand Government Open Access and Licensing (NZGOAL) frameworkNew Zealand Government Open Access and Licensing (NZGOAL) framework Norway Norsk lisens for offentlige data (NLOD)Norsk lisens for offentlige data (NLOD)

7. bottom-up? interoperability: open movement standardization: Creative Commons

8. bottom-up? CC sets of licences ported - interoperability unported - standard

9. interoperability vs standard top-down licences from public bodies standard in a given territory interoperability cross-border top-down interoperable with the standard proposed bottom up standard bottom-up licencesstandard cross-border