1. The Cold War Detonation of Nuclear Device "Badger" During Operation Upshot-Knothole Original caption: Badger, part of Operation Upshot- Knothole, was a 23 kiloton tower shot fired April 18, 1953 at the Nevada Test Site

2. Cold War Basics: Who? Who? –Tensions between 2 “superpowers” (The United States and USSR) When? When? –1945-1991 (End of WWII to fall of Berlin Wall)

3. Cold War Basics: Where? Where? –Whole World What? What? –Arms Race –Space Race –Spying –Propaganda

4. Cold War Basics: Why fear communism? Why fear communism? –They want to take away private property! –They take away their people’s rights (ex. Speech, religion) –They want to spread their ideas worldwide

6. “Hot Wars”: Korean War Korean War Vietnam War Vietnam War Korean War Veterans Memorial - Washington, DC

7. Europe after WWII: USSR occupies East Europe USSR occupies East Europe –Fall of “Iron Curtain” Europe divides East & West Europe divides East & West View of Political Officials Talking at Iron Curtain

8. Soviet “Satellites”: Satellites Satellites –East European countries that “revolve” around the USSR Meant to protect USSR from US influence, future German attack Meant to protect USSR from US influence, future German attack

9. Truman Doctrine: US will support all free peoples around the world from communist influence US will support all free peoples around the world from communist influence –Ex. Greece & Turkey Harry S. Truman 1948

10. Containment: US will stop communism from spreading (but not attack existing communist countries) US will stop communism from spreading (but not attack existing communist countries) Domino Theory – if one country falls, then others will too (like dominos) Domino Theory – if one country falls, then others will too (like dominos)

11. Marshall Plan: What? What? –US gives billions to European countries Why? Why? –Countries with healthy economies do not go communist

12. Berlin Blockade & Airlift: What? What? –USSR blocks all supplies to West Berlin Why? Why? –Wanted it to merge with East Berlin Results? Results? –US airlifts 2.3 million tons for 1 year until Stalin gives up!

13. NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Org): What? What? –Alliance where an attack on one is an attack on all Why? Why? –Contain communism by working with other democracies to protect each other

14. 1949: A big year for communism 3 bad trends? 3 bad trends? –Soviets get the atomic bomb (Rosenbergs!) –China becomes communist –America becomes paranoid (fear!) A mushroom cloud towers 20,000 feet above Nagasaki

15. McCarthyism & Red Scare: What? What? –Joseph McCarthy of Wisconsin accuses people of being communists –Ruined thousands of lives –Stopped once he began to attack the army

16. Korean War: Who fights & why? Who fights & why? –North Korea, China vs South Korea, US, & UN –Communist North Korea invades South Korea, crossing 38 th Parallel

17. Korean War: Truman’s Response: Truman’s Response: –Puts Douglas MacArthur in charge of forces –Leads amphibious attack on Inchon –Keeps pushing north until almost at China

18. Korean War: Truman and MacArthur: Truman and MacArthur: –MacArthur wants to take the war to China to win (includes using nukes on major Chinese cities) –Truman says no – ends up firing MacArthur –Seen as political suicide for Truman

19. Korean War: Armistice and Today: Armistice and Today: –Negotiated truce at 38 th parallel

20. Space race: Sputnik: Sputnik: –Soviets put 1 st satellite into space = fear! (next time it could be bombs) –US begins to “race” Soviets to space Guide Displays Model of Sputnik

21. Spying race: U2 Crisis: U2 Crisis: –US U2 Spy plane is shot down over USSR = crisis –Hurts our reputation Gary Powers, ca. 1960

22. Berlin Wall (Propaganda race): Why?: Why?: –East Germans flee to West = embarrassment for USSR –Build a wall to keep them in –It becomes symbol of cold war Graffiti on Berlin Wall

23. Bay of Pigs Crisis: Why?: Why?: –US trains revolutionaries to overthrow Castro in Cuba Why a problem? Why a problem? –US fails to provide air support and they are captured (embarrassing!)

24. Cuban Missile Crisis: Why?: Why?: –USSR begins to place missiles in Cuba that could reach US What happens? What happens? –For 13 days we sit on brink of WWIII with a blockade of Cuba –Finally – a compromise is reached! (Soviets back down)