1. Driver’s Ed Section 5 Day 2 Other Driver Responsibilities and Vehicle Considerations

2. isibility limitations in bad weather  Students will understand visibility limitations in bad weather  Students will understand unusually strong wind conditions  Students will understand low water crossings different types of floods  Students will understand different types of floods  Students will understand driving in extreme hot and cold temperatures  Students will understand safety restraints for adults  Students will understand types of belt-locking systems  Students will understand roadway technology  Students will understand vehicle technology  Students will understand controlling consequences

3.  Write a half a page red to red. *Explain the three types of road rage and give an example for each type.

4. In an instant, the following can occur:  Smoke is evident ahead. Suddenly smoke and ashes from a large brush fire cover the road.  It is sprinkling. A few moments later, rain is falling in a solid sheet.  Snow is falling lightly. Two miles down the road, it becomes a whiteout. DO NOT WRITE THIS SLIDE

5. Reduce speed Make sure your headlights are on low beam (aimed at the road surface) to reduce the amount of light/glare reflected back at you Turn on your windshield wipers If necessary, turn on the defroster or air conditioner Driving in Bad Weather

6.  Reduce speed, but NEVER stop in a travel lane  Turn on emergency flashers  Look for an exit from the highway

7. stop beyond end of guard rail back up to outboard of the guard rail turn off all lights (WHY??) wait for the bad weather to pass If impossible to leave highway:

8. If your stopping distance is longer than your sight distance, you have created a high risk situation – slow down Visibility Limitations in Bad Weather Visibility Limitations in Bad Weather Stopping Distance Visibility Range Braking distances at 20 mph with conventional tires on different pavement conditions Ice - 150 feet Packed Snow - 60 feet Wet - 25 feet Dry - 20 feet

9.  Strong winds create a problem called buffeting.  Buffeting: To strike against forcefully  This condition can occur on bridges and when being passed by large trucks.  These wind gusts and blasts can cause total loss of vehicle control.

10.  Reduce speed.  Grip the steering wheel firmly to maintain vehicle control.  Leave extra space between your vehicle and other vehicles.  Be prepared to counter steer.  Stay off brake

12. Nearly 50% of flash flood fatalities are vehicle related Search for flood prone areas: - highway dips - bridges - low areas Most vehicles will float Very little water on the road surface can cause loss of control

13. Driving too fast through water will cause the vehicle to hydroplane and lose contact with the road surface.

14. 5 Types of Floods Coastal Flood Urban Flood River Flood Flash Flood Ice Jam

15.  Occur seasonally when heavy rains fill rivers or  Heavy rains from hurricanes or tropical systems

16.  Winds generated from tropical storms and hurricanes can drive ocean water inland.  Earthquakes can also produce waves called tsunamis, sometimes referred to as tidal waves.

17.  As land is converted from fields or woodlands to roads and parking lots, it loses its ability to absorb rainfall.  Streets can become swift moving rivers.

18.  An arroyo is a water-carved gully or normally dry creek bed.  Arroyos can fill with fast-moving water very quickly.

19.  Floating ice can accumulate at a natural or manmade obstruction and stop the flow of water.

20. +32 +120 -40 O O O +32 +120 -40 O O O

21. Vehicles are designed to operate in a wide range of temperatures, from very hot to extremely cold. However, these extreme conditions can cause stress to any vehicle part that is temperature sensitive.

22. Tires should be balanced, aligned, Tires should be balanced, aligned, the proper type, and have adequate tread - The legal minimum, 2/32 of an inch tread depth, is inadequate on wet surfaces Check tire inflation Check tire inflation - Check cold tire pressure regularly (noted inside driver’s door or in manual) Check radiator coolant, hoses, and connections Check radiator coolant, hoses, and connections Cold Weather Precautions

23. Cold Weather Checks Check heater, defroster Check heater, defroster and air conditioner system and air conditioner system Winterized windshield wiper fluid Winterized windshield wiper fluid Check drive belts for tension and wear Check drive belts for tension and wear Keep lights and glass areas clear and clean Keep lights and glass areas clear and clean Check windshield wiper blades Check windshield wiper blades

24. Tire inflation needs special attention Under inflated tires are subject to heat and pressure buildup, especially when driving for extended distances at higher speeds. Hot Weather Checks The air conditioner, radiator coolant hoses, connections, and drive belts need special attention. due to the extra load placed on these cooling systems.

25.  Refers to safety belts, child restraints, and driver/passenger side air bags. Video

26. Seat Belts Your number one defense to prevent severe injuries is to wear your safety belt.

27. Keeping the seat back in an upright position avoids the submarine effect of the lower body in a frontal crash Keeping the seat back in an upright position avoids the submarine effect of the lower body in a frontal crash Minimize movement of the upper and lower body in a crash Minimize movement of the upper and lower body in a crash Dramatically reduce the severity of injuries Dramatically reduce the severity of injuries Seat Belts Seatbelt Video

28. Normal Conditions Emergency Conditions Seat Belt Ratchet Mechanism Pendulum Bar Sudden Car Movement

29. Proper adjustment minimizes whiplash. Improper adjustment may result in severe neck injury. Adjust to a position above the ear level to avoid serious injury

30. No passenger under 12 years of age should sit in the front seat No passenger under 12 years of age should sit in the front seat Protect driver or passengers from sustaining severe head and chest injuries Protect driver or passengers from sustaining severe head and chest injuries The air bag inflates in the blink of an eye, at speeds as high as 200 miles per hour.

31. Raise seat or adjust steering wheel to direct air bag toward chest and not at the facial areaRaise seat or adjust steering wheel to direct air bag toward chest and not at the facial area Adjust seat for a minimum 10-inch clearance between chest and steering wheelAdjust seat for a minimum 10-inch clearance between chest and steering wheel Hand position should be at 8 and 4Hand position should be at 8 and 4 Avoid 10 and 2 hand position to prevent blow hole burns to hands and armsAvoid 10 and 2 hand position to prevent blow hole burns to hands and arms 10 inches

32. Located in the upper door frame, side of the seat, or door panel Protect head from hitting the window Side air bag deploys in crash test. Red area shows where the dummy’s head impacted the airbag. Side Airbag Video

33. Belt and Seat Restraint Use T – 8.24  Safest if seated in back center seat  Infant seats/rear facing/birth to 20 lbs.  Use child seats up to 40 lbs.  Use booster seats up to 60 lbs. Infant Car Bed Rear Facing Infant Seat Forward Facing Child Restraints Booster Seats

35. Wide clear shoulders and wide lanes Rumble strips installed at the road edge Redesign of median barriers Occupant Protection Highway Design Features Include Occupant Protection Highway Design Features Include

36.  Breakaway sign support posts Occupant Protection Highway Design Features Include Roadway Technology  Vinyl Crash drums filled with liquid or sand  New design guard rails with ends angled away from roadway and buried

37. Roadway Technology Variable message signs alert drivers to weather conditions, construction, and traffic problems

38. New vehicle technology aids the driver in maintaining balance control when performing avoidance maneuvers and increased protection should a crash occur. Enhanced control is provided through technologies such as the following: Anti-Lock Brakes  Anti-Lock Brakes  Crumple Zones  Traction Control Devices  Electronic Stability Program (ESP)  Suspension Control Devices  Door Latches  Tempered Glass DON’T WRITE THIS SLIDE

39. Brake Systems

40.  Designed to allow steering and simultaneous braking without losing vehicle balance.  Shorten stopping distances by not allowing the tire to lock up ABS VIDEOVIDEO

41.  Do..  Add to your following distance in bad weather  Practice use of ABS  Keep your foot firmly on the brake INCREASE INCREASE

42. Anti-lock Brake Systems Do Not..  Drive More Aggressively  Pump the Brakes  Steer Too Much  Be Alarmed by ABS Noise or Vibration

43.  Basically the reverse of anti- lock brakes.  Designed to activate brake sensors, which do not allow the wheels to spin.  The device allows acceleration input without loss of vehicle balance.

44. Crumple Zones  Areas of a vehicle that are designed to deform and crumple in a collision.  This absorbs some of the energy of the impact, preventing it from being transmitted to the occupants. Crumple Zone Video Crumple Zone Video

45. Crashes have two separate collisions:  The first is the vehicle collision, and the second is the collision of occupants and unsecured items inside the vehicle.  It is this second collision that often causes injury and death.

46. Honda Civic Crash

52. Drive off road rather than skid off the road Hit something soft rather than something hard Hit something going your way rather than something stationary Hit stationary objects with a glancing blow Hit a stationary object rather than an approaching object Steer to avoid oncoming traffic and head on collision

53.  Read page 274  Answer questions #1-3  Read pg. 276-278:  On pg. 278 answer questions #1-3