1. Classification of Organisms
Chapter 17

2. Biodiversity
Biodiversity – the variety of organisms considered at all levels from populations to ecosystems.

3. Taxonomy
Taxonomy – the science of describing, naming, and classifying particular organisms.
Taxon – a particular group within the taxonomic system.

4. The Linnaean System Developed by naturalist Carolus Linaeus
Grouped organisms according to their form and structure (morphology)
Organisms are grouped by similarities.

5. Levels of Classification
Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

6. King Philip Came Over For Good Soup 
I H L R A E P
N Y A D M N E
G L S E I U C
D U S R L S I
O M Y E
M S

7. Nomenclature Each species has a scientific name
Binomial nomenclature – a two part name
Genus
Species
Names come from Greek and Latin
Written in italics
Genus (first letter capitalized) species (lowercase)
Examples:
Homo sapiens
E. coli

8. Systematics
Phylogenetics – the analysis of evolutionary or ancestral relationships among taxa
Cladistics – a system of phylogenetic analysis that uses shared and derived characters for grouping taxa

9. Shared character – a feature that all members of the group have in common
Derived character – a feature that evolved only within the group under consideration
Clade – the group of organisms that includes an ancestor plus all of its descendants

10. Domains
Three domains:
Domain Bacteria
Domain Archaea
Domain Eukarya

11. Domains Bacteria Archaea Eukarya Small, single-celled prokaryotes
Cell walls, no nucleus
Archaea
Prokaryotes
Live in extreme environments
Eukarya
Eukaryotic organisms, have a nucleus
Complex, multicellular organisms

12. 6 Kingdoms The next level of organization is Kingdoms
There are 6 Kingdoms
Eubacteria
Archaebacteria
Animalia
Plantae
Fungi
Protista

16. Classwork
Read page
Answer page 450 #s 1-5

17. Warm-up What is taxonomy? Why bother to classify organisms?
What is the purpose of a scientific name?
What two taxa make up an organisms scientific name? How is this scientific name correctly written?
Write these scientific names correctly:
mola mola
homo sapians
tyrannosaurus rex