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2. Biology: the Study of Life What are the fundamental properties of life? Unnumbered Figure page 2 Cellular Structure (cell = unit of life) OrganismsLife forms are are considered alive because they acquire and use are made up of one or more process are capable of are a product of Energy Cells InformationReplication Evolution

3. Biology: the Study of Life Cellular Structure (cell = unit of life) What are the fundamental properties of life?

4. A Bacterium B Archaeon C Protist D Plant E Fungus F Animal

5. A: a light micrograph of a magnetotactic bacterium (http://ntserv.fys.ku.dk/mars/mpe/bacterium.JPG) B: a scanning electron micrograph of an archaeon (http://biology.kenyon.edu/Microbial_Biorealm/archaea/halobacterium/halobacteria_1.jpg) C. a transmission electron micrograph of a protist (http://www.bio.mtu.edu/the_wall/phycodisc/rhodophyta/gfx/porphyridium_unicell.jpg) D. a light micrograph a primitive plant cell (http://www.btinternet.com/~stephen.durr/chlamydomonas.jpg) E. an x-ray tomograph of a fungal cell (http://www.lbl.gov/Science-Articles/Archive/assets/images/2004/Mar-30/yeast.jpg) F. a computer-generated image of two animal cells (http://www.infertilityny.com/images/home/ovum.jpg) Captions for previous slide:

6. Biology: the Study of Life Cellular Structure (cell = unit of life) Metabolism = Homeostasis (PSN, Resp, N 2 fix, ferment, etc.) Growth = irreversible change in size Movement…includes internal, limbs, locomotion Reproduction…failure = extinction Acclimatization-short term responses = behavior Adaptation-long term responses = evolution What are the fundamental properties of life?

7. Biology is multidimensional Cell Tissue Organ Organ System Organism Population Community Ecosystem This array is an example of what dimension? Levels of Organization What fields of biology are at each extreme? Biochemistry and Biophysics In this course our focus will be upon… The Organism!

8. Big Picture Page 16 Figure 1.1

9. Big Picture Page 16 Figure 1.2 ORGAN SYSTEM ORGAN TISSUE CELL MULTICELLULAR ORGANISM Scientists regularly integrate across many of these levels Levels of biological organization

10. Big Picture Page 16 Figure 1.3 ORGANELLE MOLECULE ATOM CELL Scientists regularly integrate across many of these levels Levels of biological organization

11. Ecosphere http://www.solstation.com/stars/earth.jpg What is the white mass at the top? What is the big green-brown body in the upper half? What season is it in Connecticut? What are the white swirls? Where is the equator?

12. Biome: deciduous forest biome http://www.theexplorationplace.com/eforest/satellitepic.jpg What is one source for the water?

13. Ecosystems: forest, riverine, old field, disturbed http://www.natureconservancy.ca/images/upload/ATLNB%20- %20Saint%20John%20River%20Hardwood%20Forest%20-%20Aerial%20- %20Communications%20NB%2072%20DPI%20RGB%20JPG.jpg

14. Forest ecosystem: a community of trees http://www.usaid.gov/our_work/environment/forestry/images/panama_forest.jpg What are the different colors and shapes? What are we not seeing without a closer look?

15. Forest Community: What do producer, consumer, decomposer mean? http://www.sfrc.ufl.edu/4h/blabea2s.jpg

16. Population of trees--OK only if ONE species? Is that valid? http://www.fountainforestry.com/Dunn.JPG

17. Organism: one tree http://www.oplin.org/tree/fact%20pages/maple_sugar/tree.jpg Why is this one tree so different from those individuals in the previous picture?

18. Organ System: branch with stem, buds, petioles, leaves http://oregonstate.edu/dept/ldplants/images/acru6.jpg

19. Organ: one leaf http://canada.culminis.com/canada/Silver%20Maple%20Leaf.JPG blade petiole

20. Tissues: epidermis, palisade and spongy mesophyll, xylem, phloem http://gecko.gc.maricopa.edu/~lsola/Leaf/Leafxs.jpg epidermis window, lens palisade mesophyll photosynthesis xylem water and mineral intake phloem sugar and amino acid export spongy mesophyll evaporative cooling (photosynthesis) epidermis regulates water loss and gas exchange

21. Cell: a mesophyll protoplast (Cell wall was digested off by cellulase) http://www.botany.wisc.edu/images/mesophyll-protoplast_lg.jpg cell membrane import/export chloroplast photosynthesis cytosol fermentation glycolysis vacuole toxic waste processing nucleus transcription replication

22. Biology is multidimensional Ecosphere Ecosystem Community Population Organism Organ System Organ Tissue Cell Organelle Molecule This array is an example of what dimension? Levels of Organization What fields of biology are at each extreme? Biophysics and Biochemistry In this course our focus will be upon… The Organism! Of course some organisms consist of just one cell! Some organelles are derived from an endosymbiotic organism!

23. Organelles: endoplasmic reticulum, nucleus, mitochondrion, oleosome http://www.tmd.ac.jp/artsci/biol/textbook/nucleus.gif endoplasmic reticulum internal transport nucleus transcription, replication mitochondrion respiration zymogen granule enzyme protein storage and secretion compartment DNA

24. Macromolecular: DNA http://sbchem.sunysb.edu/msl/dna.gif ribose sugar (green white) phosphate (yellow red) nitrogenous bases (blue green white red)

25. Biology is multidimensional Ecosphere Ecosystem Community Population Organism Organ System Organ Tissue Cell Organelle Molecule This array is an example of what dimension? Levels of Organization What fields of biology are at each extreme? Biophysics and Biochemistry In this course our focus will be upon… The Organism! Of course some organisms consist of just one cell! Some organelles are derived from an endosymbiotic organism! Bio 130 Bio 120 Bio 220 Che