1. Stalin - the “man of steel”
Stalinist Russia
Stalin - the
“man of steel”

2. By 1928, Stalin was in total command of the Communist Party
Struggle for power
After Lenin dies there is a struggle for control of the Communist party, by Stalin or Trotsky. The “Man of Steel” put his supporters in power.
By 1928, Stalin was in total command of the Communist Party
“I am the man of Steel!

3. Trotsky is forced in to exile, he ends up in South America.
Struggle for power
“You won Stalin, I’m outta here
Trotsky is forced in to exile, he ends up in South America.

4. Stalin changes the U.S.S.R.
Lenin and Trotsky wanted a worldwide Communist Revolution
Stalin focused on Russian development, “Socialism for one country.”

5. Stalin changes the U.S.S.R.
Stalin transformed the Soviet Union into a totalitarian state

6. Stalin changes the U.S.S.R.
Totalitarianism = a government that has total, centralized control over every aspect of public and private life.

7. Other Totalitarian States
As Stalin was forming the U.S.S.R., Hitler and Mussolini were beginning to shape their own totalitarian States

8. Other Totalitarian States
Later, Mao Zedong in China, and Kim Il Sung in North Korea will form totalitarian States

9. Stalin’s Economic Policy
Lenin’ NEP included some aspects of capitalism, Stalin’s economic system was total state control of all economic policies and production.

10. Stalin’s Economic Policy
Command economy = a system in which the government makes all economic decisions.
Stalin identified the economic needs of Russia and decided how to meet them.

11. Industrial Revolution in Russia
Stalin realized that Russia was behind other developed nations in terms of industrial production.
Stalin introduced the 1st of many five year plans for the development of the Soviet economy.

12. Industrial Revolution in Russia
The 5 year plan set impossibly high quotas (numerical goals) to increase the production of steel, coal, oil, and electricity.
To accomplish the quotas, consumer goods were limited, causing a shortage in: food, clothing, housing, and other necessary goods.

13. Propaganda for the 5 year plan

14. Stalin controls the workers
The government chose the workers, told them where to work, and how long to work.
Workers couldn’t move without permission.

15. Stalin controls the workers
Stalin’s 5 year plans were harsh on the workers, but were very effective. Russia quickly improved and increased industrial production.

16. Agricultural Revolution
Stalin’s agricultural plan was just a successful as his industrial plan, but far more brutal.
His plan was based on collective farms

17. Agricultural Revolution
In 1928, the government took over 25 million privately owned farms and combined them into large government controlled farms, Stalin called them collective farms.

18. Farmers vs. Stalin
Many farmers resisted the collective farms.

19. Farmers and Collective Farms
Many farmers resisted the collective farms, they killed livestock and destroyed crops in protest.

20. Farmers and Collective Farms
Stalin responded by sending the secret police to force the peasants to work the farms with bayonets.
Between 5-10 million peasants died, millions were exiled to Siberia as punishment.

21. Farmers and Collective Farms
The kulaks (wealthy peasants) fiercely resisted Stalin, as a result, they were executed or sent to work camps.

22. Stalin’s Secret Police
Stalin used violence and terror to control the U.S.S.R., his means of control was the secret police.
Stalin used force and violence to crush any opposition.
The secret police taped phone lines, read mail, used spies, even taught children to spy on what their parents said at home.
Lavrenti Beria - head of the secret police

23. Stalin controls all of Society
Censorship effects: artists, newspapers, movies, radio.
Only pro-Stalin views are allowed.

24. Stalin controls all of Society
Religion is attacked: Stalin promotes atheists. Police destroyed churches and the clergy was killed or sent to work camps.

25. Stalin controls all of Society
Education: indoctrination of Communist Party philosophy and creation of skilled workers.

26. Always made Stalin and Russia look good.
Stalinist Propaganda
Always made Stalin and Russia look good.

27. Stalinist Russia
Using violence, threats, and fear Stalin turned Russia from a backwards country to an agricultural and industrial world power.

28. Stalinist Russia
While the improvement in Russia economically and militarily is undeniable, the cost of human life to accomplish Stalin’s goals is staggering.

29. Stalinist Russia
Historians surmise that Stalin is responsible for the deaths of 8 million to 13 million people.