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Chapter 5: Interacting With Our Environment
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Section 1: Natural Resources
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VOCABULARY Natural Resources Useful materials found in the environment
Raw Materials Renewable Resources Non-renewable Resources Useful materials found in the environment Natural resources that must be worked to be useful Natural resources that can be replaced Natural resources that cannot be replaced
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What Are Natural Resources?
Resources found in nature Raw Materials Everything people use or consume is made with this Examples: Water, minerals, vegetation, etc (you?) Used just as they are found Trees are the raw materials for paper and wood Wood is soaked and broken up to create pulp (soup of wood fibers) and machines collect the wet fibers on screen to form paper
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Types of Resources Renewable Living
Replaced naturally due to how Earth works Ex. Water through use of water cycle Nitrogen & Carbon Wind to make electricity Comes from differences in how Sun heats Earth Energy from the sun (Solar Energy) Geothermal Energy Difference in heat between Earth’s surface & interior Plants & animals considered renewable Must be managed more closely in order to survive
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(Sustainable Farming)
Rotating Fields (Sustainable Farming)
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Non-renewable Fossil Fuels
Most non-living things fall into this category Examples: minerals, metals, gas and petroleum Resources must be used carefully Materials can be recycled in order to be reused Type of non-renewable resource Coal, natural gas & petroleum fall into this category Created over millions of years from remains of prehistoric living things Could possibly run out if we continue to use like we do Oil & natural gas are renewable so living things of today will become fossil fuel later but it takes so long to develop it is of no use for us today.
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A Special Resource: Energy
Solar Wind Hydroelectric Needed to make use of other natural resources People in every country need it Certain areas are rich in energy resources, others have very few May have to buy “energy” from other sources Types Energy
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Meeting Energy Needs in the Future
Over time: energy use has gone up rapidly Fossil Fuels are slowly running out we may need to find an alternate source eventually Sources that won’t run out Wind Sun Tidal Geothermal Biomass (plant material) These can be used in place of different fossil fuels Atomic Power plentiful but can be dangerous does not pollute the air Ways to help energy? Meeting Energy Needs in the Future
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State of the Union Vocabulary
Momentum Fascism Obstruction Bipartisan Subsidized force or speed of movement; impetus, as of a physical object or course of events a governmental system led by a dictator having complete power, forcibly suppressing opposition and criticism, regimenting all industry, commerce, etc., and emphasizing an aggressive nationalism and often racism. something that obstructs, blocks, or closes up with an obstacle or obstacles representing, characterized by, or including members from two parties or factions Partial financial support
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Ch. 5 Section 2 Land Use
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VOCABULARY Natural surroundings Environment
The large-scale production of goods by hand or by machine The movement of settlers and their culture to a new country The growth of machine-powered production in an economy Environment Manufacturing Colonization industrialization
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LAND USE AND CULTURE What depends on how people use land?
Culture & Environment Example? Environment helps to shape culture Environment & culture changes over time which would change land use Remember, similar environments do not necessarily mean similar culture Cultural background determines how you will interact with your particular environment Cultures and Landscape Land Use and Cultural Differences
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Land Use and Economic Activity
People use land and resources to make a living Examples: Farming, fishing, mining Factories turn natural resources into materials or products Way things are produced correspond with economic activity 3 LEVELS OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY People use land & resources directly to make products (hunting, mining, fishing, farming) Interact directly with land or sea First-Level Activity
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Second-Level Activities
Third-Level Activities People process the products of 1st level activities Done by manufacturing in a factory Ex. Turning corn into cornflakes for cereal Found in urban areas Known as services Ex. Delivering cornflakes to grocery stores Do not produce goods but help sell them Examples?
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Changes in Land Use Colonization allows new people to change the land based on their cultural practices Ex. Farmers that move will still farm regardless of where they are going Before European colonists went to Australia there was no farming or raising animals They changed the way of land use when they moved Industrialization has changed environment Caused urbanization Spread of cities and suburbs is known as sprawl Colonization Industrialization and Sprawl
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CH. 5 SECTION 3: HOW PEOPLE EFFECT THE ENVIRONMENT
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VOCABULARY A loss of forest cover in a region
A richness of different kinds of living things in a region Technology for building structures that alter the landscape, such as dams, roads, and bridges Man-made, that makes the air, water, or soil less clean Deforestation Biodiversity Civil Engineering Pollution
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First-Level Activities
Direct Interaction w/ raw materials Provide food & resources that people need to live Countries have grown, so people have to meet challenge of feeding population Ex. Created new farmland has destroyed grasslands & wetlands but food was needed Agriculture, forestry & fishing is helpful but can have harmful effects (Examples) Farmers use fertilizer to grow food, it’s needed but is harmful Creating Farmland Environmental Challenges
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Finding A Balance People all around the world are working to find solutions to meeting our needs and helping our environment Examples of how?
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Second & Third Level Activities
Industry Services Created & transformed environment & landscapes Provide most of the jobs in developed countries Main land use in urban areas Have side effects on the environment but create convenience, efficiency & are useful 2nd Level 3rd Level Both Levels Provide Jobs & Reshape Environment
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Pollution issues Can cause higher temperatures or other changes in climate What are some things that cause pollution? Are working to find solutions Green vehicles Renewable energy sources Reducing pollution may reduce risk of harmful environment changes Recycling Reduces the amount of waste dumped Saves natural resources Finding solutions is a major challenge Must work together to meet this challenge Environmental Challenges Finding Solutions
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