APG Review Session #1 Good Evening, Troops!.

Name: APG Review Session #1 Good Evening, Troops!.
Uploaded: 2017-12-09T23:06:33+00:00
Duration: PTM16S27
Channel: Aidan Donovan
Description: APG Review Session #1 Good Evening, Troops!.

APG Review Session #1 Good Evening, Troops!

Weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation
Inability to Tax Inability to Regulate Commerce 1 Branch: Unicameral Legislature Equal Representation 9 of 13- Law 13 of 13- Amend

Road to Philadelphia Mount Vernon (1785) Annapolis Convention (1786)
Philadelphia “Constitutional” Convention

Constitutional Compromises
Great Compromise Three-fifths Compromise Commerce Compromises Executive Compromises Slavery Compromises

Federalsit #10 Publius, Madison
Extended Republic Argument Factions will occur Ambition Check Ambition Public Weal Representative Government

Federalsit #51 Publius, Madison
Men are not angels (nor gals) Those governing are not angels Separation of Powers Federalism Checks and Balances

The Amendment Process Proposal Ratification 2/3 Vote 3/4 Vote
Both House and Senate Conventional called at request of 2/3 of the States Ratification 3/4 Vote State Legislatures Specially called Conventions in each State

Framers Distrust of Public Opinion
Representative Democracy Electoral College Extended Republic Separation of Powers Federalism Amendment Process

National and State Powers
Delegated, Enumerated, Expressed Implied (Elastic Powers) Reserved Powers (Amendment X) Denied Powers Concurrent Powers

Federalsim Dual federalism Delegated Powers Limited Government
Amendment X Cooperative Federalism Artcile 1, Section 8, Clause 18

Grant in Aid/ Conditions of Aid
Devolution Categorical Formula (entitlement) Project (competitive) Block Grants Revenue Sharing (ended in 1986)

Devolution Revolution
Nixon- New Federalism= Block Grants Reagan- New Federalism (also) Rehnquist Court= Lopez Case (1995) AFDC TANF (1996)

Unfunded Mandates State/local government must comply with federal rules. Clean Air and Clean Water Standards Americans with Disabilities Act (1991)

Preemption No Child Left Behind Act
National government overriding state/ local actions Class Size, accountability testing 10th Amendment/ Reserved Powers?

Direct Democracy in the U.S.
Initiative Referendum Recall 17th Amendment New England Town meeting

Majoritarian Democracy
Does what a MAJORITY of the folks want Delegates Trustees Politicos

Elitist Theories on Democracy
Negative Views Karl Mark- Bourgeoisie C. Wright Mills- The Power Elite Max Weber- Bureaucracy

Pluralist Democracy Madison’s Public Weal Argument Many Publics
Extended Republic Hyper Pluralism and Gridlock

Political Ideology Liberals Conservatives Libertarians Communtarians

Political Ideology: Conservatives
Individual Responsibility “Rugged Individualism” Lassiez Faire (Business) Market Driven Economy Regulation of Community Standards

Political Ideology: Liberals
Government remedy of social injustices Government regulation of economy Affirmative Action Separation of Church and state

Political Socialization
Family Schooling and Information Community Peers

Cleavage in Opinion and Voting in the U.S.
Race Ethnicity Gender Religion Region * Socioeconomic Status (SES)

Reapportionment and the Decennial Census
States Congress # of People per District Shape of District Size of House (435) # of rep’s each state

Controlling the White House (1968 – Present)
Democrat Republican 1976 1992 1996 2008 1968 1972 1980 1984 1988 2000 2004

Democratic Party Has Lost Voters
Catholics Unions Southerners

Direct Democracy in the U.S.
Initiative Referendum Recall 17th Amendment New England Town meeting

Policy Making Institutions
Linkage Institutions Interest Groups Policy Making Institutions Political Parties Media Campains/ Elections

The Media Gatekeeper Slips Scorekeeper Trial Balloon Watchdog
Visuals Spots BOMFOG (Rockefeller) Slips Trial Balloon Spin Doctor Raise and Frame Issues Press Conferences Bully Pulpit

Political Participation
U.S.- voter turnout lower, participation in other ways higher (compared to European nations) Conventional vs. Unconventional Direct Action Supporting vs. Influencing Behavior

Interest Group Tactics
Direct Lobbying Testifying Donating $ (PAC) Endorsing Socializing Propaganda Rallying support Class Action Amicus Briefs Literature

Expansion of Sufferage
15th Amendment 17th Amendment 19th Amendment 23rd Amendment 24th Amendment 26th Amendment Voting Rights Act of 1965 Poll taxes Literacy tests White primaries Grandfather Clause

Non-Voters Non-white *Socioeconomic Status Young (18-24)
Little education

Likely Voters Higher levels of education White Older (35+) Married
Church Goers

Functions of Political Parties
Nominate candidates Organize diverse Interests Propose Alternative Programs Coordinate Governing Process

Political Campaings (Pre-1968)
Party Controlled Nominating Conventions Smoke-Filled Backrooms Shorter Campaigns Money Less Important Media Played Small Role

Political Campaings (Post-1968)
Candidate Centered Campaign Personal Following Primaries!- Party Becomes Weaker Money is Very Important (FEC) Media is Very Important- Spots, Visuals

Federal Election Commission
Buckley v. Valeo (1976) Individual- $2,300 (BCFRA) PAC- $5,000 PAC- 50 members PAC- to at least 5 candidates Hard$ v. Soft $ McCain-Feingold (BCFRA) 2002

Evolution of the Nominating Process
King Caucus National Nominating Convention Primary and Caucus

Changes in Party Organization (1968 – 1972)
Democrats Republicans Fragmented In-Fighting Traditional versus New Democrats Highly Organized Well Funded Computer Mailings Advice and Information

Weakening of Political Parties
Pendleton Act (1883) The End of Fraudulent Voting Social security Act (1935) Rise of the Primary Rise of the Candidate-Centered Campaign House members Bill of Rights (1970s)

Voting Reform/ End of Fraudulent Voting
Repeaters and floaters WVA turnout of 108% (1888) Australian Ballot Residency Requirements Strict Voter Registration

Low Voter Turnout in the U.S.
No automatic registration No compulsory voting laws Two-step process (w/ registration) Cost of Registering Amount of elections in the U.S.

New Deal Coalition Liberals Urban Workers Unions City Dwellers
Catholics Jews African American Urban Workers City Dwellers Southern Whites