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Published byPamela Wood Modified over 9 years ago
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Population – group of individuals of the same species living in the same area, potentially interacting Community – group of populations of different species living in the same area, potentially interacting What are some ecological interactions?
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Why are ecological interactions important? Interactions can affect distribution and abundance. Interactions can influence evolution. Think about how the following interactions can affect distribution, abundance, and evolution.
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Types of ecological interactions competition predation parasitism mutualism commensalism symbiosis
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Competition – two species share a requirement for a limited resource reduces fitness of one or both species
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Predation – one species feeds on another enhances fitness of predator but reduces fitness of prey herbivory is a form of predation
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Parasitism – one species feeds on another enhances fitness of parasite but reduces fitness of host
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Mutualism – two species provide resources or services to each other enhances fitness of both species
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Commensalism – one species receives a benefit from another species enhances fitness of one species; no effect on fitness of the other species
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Symbiosis – two species live together can include parasitism, mutualism, and commensalism
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Organizing ecological interactions effect on species 1 effect on species 2 + 0 - +0-+0- mutualism predation herbivory parasitism predation herbivory parasitism commensalism competition
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