1. Pacific Lamprey Lampetra tridentata Status and Distribution in the Clearwater River Drainage, Idaho
Christopher W. Claire
Timothy G. Cochnauer

2. • Bonneville Power Administration
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
• Bonneville Power Administration
Deborah Docherty
Idaho Department of Fish and Game
Jody Brostrom
Anne Peterson, Rebecca Repp, Kyle Steele, Terry Douglas
• Bureau of Land Management
Craig Johnson
Columbia River Research Laboratory
Jennifer Bayer
• University of Idaho
Dr. George LaBar
Dr. Dale Everson

3. STATUS OF LAMPREY IN THE COLUMBIA RIVER AND SNAKE RIVER
Three species of lamprey present historically in the Columbia River basin, river lamprey, Lampetra ayresi, brook lamprey, Lampetra richardsoni, and Pacific lamprey Lampetra tridentata.
Pacific lamprey Columbia River and Snake River declines since 1960’s
Hydropower development, habitat alterations, and land management practices (irrigation, etc.) are thought to be driving decline
Little is known about life history, habitat utilization, and distribution of the three species.

4. INTRODUCTION
Objectives
1. Determine life history of Pacific lamprey and ammocoetes and macrothalmia in the Clearwater River drainage.
2. Determine habitat utilization and preference of Pacific lamprey ammocoetes in Red River.
3. Determine distribution of Pacific lamprey ammocoetes and macrothalmia in the Clearwater River drainage.
4. Develop and implement strategies to protect Pacific lamprey ammocoete and macrothalmia habitat in the Clearwater River drainage.

5. Pacific Lamprey Adult

7. PACIFIC LAMPREY LIFE HISTORY
Anadromous, spawn in salmon and steelhead streams in April, May, and June.
Eggs hatch in ~ 20 days, ammocoetes are eyeless, live in finer substrates (Scott and Crossman 1973)
Transform at age 4-7 (Beamish and Levings 1991)
Juveniles migrate in late fall and spring
1-2? years in ocean feeding on herring, hake, salmon, and steelhead; marks found on mammals
Return to rivers to spawn

11. PROJECT AREA MT WA OR ID Dworshak Dam N. F. Clearwater
Clearwater River
S. F. Clearwater OR ID

12. PROJECT AREA HISTORY
• White settlement of Clearwater River drainage , habitat alterations predominantly
Lewiston Dam on main Clearwater
Harpster Dam on South Fork Clearwater River rkm 32.0 Grangeville Electric Light and Power Company 1910, removed 1963

13. HARPSTER DAM

14. METHODS
• Life History, Distribution, and Habitat Utilization assessment
- Trapping and electrofishing
• Habitat Utilization in Red River:
-Red River segmented into 1 km sections, randomly selected 100 m reach within km
-Classify stream habitat, (riffle, pool, etc.) based on Platts et al. (1983) and Overton et al. (1997).

15. RESULTS
Captured 1301 ( ) total ammocoetes and macrothalmia electroshocking and trapping in Clearwater River drainage
-614 ammocoetes and macrothalmia electroshocking Red River
-456 ammocoetes and macrothalmia electroshocking South Fork Clearwater River
-207 ammocoetes and macrothalmia in Red River trap
• Pacific lamprey ammocoete density:
-decreased with increasing flow velocity
-decreased with increasing coarse substrate
-increased with increasing riparian canopy cover “shade”

23. Distribution S. F. Clearwater R. drainage

24. PACIFIC LAMPREY DISTRIBUTION 2003ID MT WA OR

25. SUMMARY
sampling indicates possible low densities and lack of recruitment
Lower Granite Dam counts in continue to average <600, (Adults)
• Distribution restricted to mainstem Selway, Lochsa, Rivers, Middle Fork Clearwater, and S. F. Clearwater River

27. - Velocity: at substrate, and .6 - Maximum Depth: to 0.10 m
Measure stream velocity, stream depth, substrate composition (Platts et al. 1983), stream temperature, and riparian canopy for unit and site of capture
- Velocity: at substrate, and .6
- Maximum Depth: to 0.10 m
- Substrate: size classes
- Temperature: @ stream surface
- Riparian Canopy: Densiometer
(4 readings in a unit)
• Evaluated the Pacific lamprey ammocoete density
(/100 m2) and parameter relationship with ANOVA,
Linear regression, and Multiple regression ( = 0.05)

29. ANALYSIS

30. MANAGEMENT
Development of Pacific Lamprey Habitat Requirement Criteria
Pacific Lamprey Habitat and Recovery Management Goals
- Persistence of Pacific lamprey in the South Fork Clearwater River drainage, requires maintenance or improvement of remaining lateral scour/straight scour pool habitat and stream riparian canopy cover

31. Figure courtesty U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Lower Granite Dam

32. • Improvement of upstream migrant passage at Snake and Columbia River dams critical for persistence of species
• Improve downstream migrant conditions at Snake River and Columbia River dams
- Increase spill (with average or > flows) Determine methods to decrease impingement of lamprey on bypass system

33. Clearwater River Drainage Pacific lamprey distribution 1970

34.     The result was devastating to the fish.
Declines of all five salmon and steelhead stocks and Pacific lamprey mirror the construction of the last five dams in the system.
Completion dates for these projects are represented by red arrows (1962, 1968, 1969, 1970, 1975).
   
I. Harbor, J. Day, L. Monumental, L. Goose, L. Granite