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Bronchial Asthma
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Bronchial Asthma One of the most common chronic diseases. One of the most common cause of absentees in schools. deaths per year world over In India 7.24% incidence
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Bronchial Asthma Bronchial asthma is a chronic inflammatory condition of respiratory tract with hyper-responsiveness to certain irritants. Reversible broncho-constriction Usually episodic
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Risk Factors Prenatal Maternal smoking Passive smoking
Stress to mother Use of antibiotics by mother Caesarean section
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Risk Factors Childhood Allergens Smoke in environment Passive smoking
Exposure to animals and birds Bottle fed kids Family size and domestic conditions Economic status Infections Boys more than girls
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Risk Factors Adults Smoking Occupational hazards
Repeated respiratory tract infections Allergens Women more than men
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Precipitating factors
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Pathophysiology
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Clinical features Episodic
Following upper respiratory tract infections Exposure to allergens Progressive dyspnea Wheezing and rhonchi Cough Chest tightness
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Investigations Pulse Oximetry ABGs X-ray Chest Eiosinophilia PEFR
Spirometry Skin testing
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Mild Asthma
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Features of Serious or life threatening Asthma
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PEFR(Peak Expiratory Flow Rate)
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Morning Dip in PEFR
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Treatment
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Inhalers
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Spacer devices
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Nebulizer
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Nebulizers
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Treatment
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Treatment
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Managing acute exacerbation
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Managing acute exacerbation
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Corticosteroid use Inhaler Nebulized Oral Injectible
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Antibiotics Oral Injectible NO
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Prevention Primary Prevention: Patient awareness & Education
Lifestyle modification Secondary Prevention: Avoid precipitating factors Avoid dusting when patient is around Avoid carpets, open book shelves, stuffed toys, paints, chemicals, smoking, brooms Avoid foods containing allergens Maintaining a diary of events, tasks, foods
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Silent chest Ventilators Cardiac Asthma
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