Download presentation
Presentation is loading. Please wait.
Published byVeronica Farmer Modified over 9 years ago
1
Forensic Science
2
What is the relationship between science and the law? Discuss the functions of the forensic crime lab Understand key contributions to the evolution of forensic science Define the role of the forensic scientist Discus the various types of law and the difference in admissability of evidence
3
Forensic Science Forensic science: the interactions of science and the law
4
Vocabulary Anthropology : study of the human race, including physical features Psychiatry: dealing with mental disorders Odontology : dealing with the anatomy and physiology of the teeth Pathology: the study of disease and conditions of the body Entomology : study of insects Palynology : study of pollen and spores Ballistics : study of trajectory of an object
5
Ballistics
6
Jobs in Crime lab Most done by police officers Only call state lab for murder May use civilians for Chemistry Medical examiner
7
Crime Labs State crime lab Large cities have labs Post office FBI has largest crime lab DEA ATF US fish and wildlife
8
A forensic scientist may…. Have a degree in the sciences Have an advanced degree in Forensic Science Work in the police force
9
Law US Constitution overrules laws of individual states Bill of Rights: 1 st 10 amendments to the Constitution 1. Freedom of religion 2. The Right to bear arms 3. Protection from housing troops 4. Protection from unreasonable search and seizure 5. Due process, double jeopardy, self-incrimination 6. Trial by jury, speedy, rights of the accused (criminal) 7. civil 8. Prohibit excessive bail and cruel, unusual punishment Protection of Rights of 9. people 10. States
10
Law Statutory law: law that starts as a bill, signed into law Common law: set by precedent in court. Clears up the written law
11
Law Civil v. criminal law Civil: deals with contracts, custody, divorce Criminal: crimes against a person (robbery, assault, murder) Civil: can be filed by anyone (person, organization) Criminal: district attorney Civil: punishment: fine Criminal: punishment: probation to death penalty Misdemeanor: minor crime up to 1 year in prison Felony: major crime: up to death penalty
12
Marijuana law DECRIMINALIZED: for people over 18 to possess less than an ounce or marijuana. Used to be a misdemeanor, now get “violation”
13
Anti-bullying law Define bullying: Repeated Power imbalance Teachers, nurses, bus drivers: mandated reporters School must have written plan of action
14
Steps in pursuit of justice Arrest: may be first or may happen later Booking: photo, fingerprint Arraignment: charges explained, enter plea: 72 hours Guilty: hearing before judge for sentencing Not guilty: evidenciary hearing before judge or before: TRIAL Grand jury: decide if there is enough evidence to go to trial. In murder trial always get grand jury Court : trial goes to court
15
Miranda Rights Right to remain silent 2. Anything you do or say may be used against you in the court of law 3. You have right to consult an attorney before speaking to police and have an attorney present 4. If you cannot afford an attorney one will be appointed to you 5. If you decide to answer questions without an attorney present, you still have right to stop at anytime until you talk to an attorney 6. Knowing and understanding your rights as I have explained them to you, are you willing to answer my questions without an attorney present?
16
Arrest & Booking
17
Arraignment
18
Locard principle Every contact leaves a trace Whenever two objects come into contact, there is always a transfer of material. He believed: a criminal could be connected to a crime by trace evidence Foundation of forensic science
19
Evidence Frye standard: General acceptance in the scientific field Jury decide how much value it has in court Daubert standard: Must be testable Must have undergone peer review (acceptance by scientists in the field) Scientist must give the rate of error (to the court, jury) JUDGE decides if evidence meets the criteria (allow in court)
Similar presentations
© 2024 SlidePlayer.com Inc.
All rights reserved.