1. Problem Statement of Peer to Peer Streaming Protocol (PPSP)
Draft-zhang-ppsp-problem-statement-05
Yunfei Zhang
Ning Zong
Gonzalo Camarillo
James Seng
Richard Yang
Richard Alimi
Hirold Liu
Alberto J. Gonzalez

2. Agenda Why Streaming? Why P2P streaming? Why Standards? PPSP Scope
Open efforts related to PPSP
Co-efforts in other standard bodies
Conclusion

3. Why Streaming?
Source：Technology Trends, June 2008,Morgan Stanley Research
Morgan Stanley View:
Video streaming is the main contributor for global IP traffic growth in the following years, accounting for 50% of the total traffic.
The Compound Annual Growth Rates of Internet video streaming to PC and TV are 56% and 97% .

4. Why P2P Streaming Scalability Robustness
Each consumer is also a supplier
Robustness

5. P2P Streaming Success Real-world examples PPLive
110m users, 600+ channels
2 million concurrent peers/6 million altogether in China’s 60 Anniversary National Day live broadcasting
20%-30% outside of China (10-15% in US), >200 countries
PPstream
70m users, 340+ channels
6 million concurrent peers/10 million altogether in China’s 60 Anniversary National Day live broadcasting
UUSee
4-5 million concurrent online peers during Olympic Games
2~3 million concurrent online peers in China’s 60 Anniversary National Day live broadcasting
CNN (OctoShape)
Obama inauguration ~300K concurrent peers by OctoShape 5

6. Why Standards in P2P Streaming?
Technical feasibility: strong similarity among major systems
Tracker-based architecture
Similar tracker and peer communication process, and inter-peer communication process
(See survey and measurement draft)
Standards => focusing on key issues, not reinventing the wheel
Algorithms/policies: piece scheduling algorithms, peer connections, cache updating, etc
Parameters: cache/memory size, piece size, etc

7. Why Standards in P2P Streaming?
User desire:
“… broadcasters from the BBC to Germany’s ARD just seem to love the idea of ditching their proprietary platforms.”
-- Johan Pouwelse, scientific director of P2P Next
“UUSee will start to build an open platform and would like to participate in open protocols to cooperate with content providers, operators and many more participants for a better p2p streaming service.”
-- Zhu Li, CEO of UUSee
“The biggest feature of Mobile Market is its openness. We welcome more participants involved in the Mobile market development with standards.”
---Jianzhou Wang, President of China Mobile

8. How Standards Helps: Use Case (1)
P2P streaming vendors often use CDN to alleviate peak pressure and achieve better QoS
Target: CDN nodes can act as Super- peers, which interact with trackers and peers seamlessly
Integration with multiple CDNs is easy with standard protocols

9. How Standards Helps? Use Case (2)
Network operators deploying open and competitive Internet streaming service
Operator can run its own streaming service or cooperate with P2P streaming vendors
User convenience: unified peer/client software
In particular, for mobile devices
Service can be deployed based on 3rd party components (e.g., CDN offerings)

10. Problem Lack of open and standard protocols
Open set of P2P streaming protocols is needed: PPSP

11. Abstracts of Current Practice
Tracker
New Peer
Peer
peer request
peer report
buffer map exchange
Peer<->Tracker
peer report
Peer<->Peer
referring to survey slides

12. Features of P2P Streaming Systems
Scale to a magnitude of up to millions of nodes
Real time
Timely and continuous streaming delivery
Limited start-up delay and transmission delay
Handles demanding scenarios
1.5Mbps for TV quality
400kbps in current Internet

13. P2P Streaming Layer Architecture Overview
Application Layer
Play-out Layer
Start
Pause
Stop
Information Layer
Publish
Report
Statistics
Communication Layer
Bootstrap
Neighbor Communication
Tracker Communication
Transport Layer

14. PPSP Scope
Develop new protocols; existing standards (e.g., HTTP) will be re- used as appropriate
Starting Point: Communication layer
Tracker Communication
peers registration to the system
peer list request from or peer information report to the tracker/
Neighbor Communication
peers exchange data availability and gossip for more peers
chunk description for transferring data amongst peers
Secondary Specifications: Information Layer
Report
peers report information to the tracker.
peer inbound and outbound traffic, amount of neighbor peers, video quality parameters.
Publish
publish contents to streaming provider
content description, type, creation time, source location, advertisement policies, etc..

15. Out of Scope Play-out layer (e.g. Start, Stop, Pause)
Defining new data transport protocol

16. Open efforts related to PPSP(1)
UUSee:
One of the largest p2p streaming vendors worldwide
Just several days ago, its CEO expressed intention to make an open p2p streaming platform in 2009 China Internet conference
Meet with its CTO, Hirold Liu about the PPSP work. Liu stated that UUSee was looking for the standards of P2P streaming, esp. in mobile environments
Different peer capacity evaluation
Different network environment description
New peer information message

17. Open efforts related to PPSP(2)
CoolRuc: Audiovisual Live Streaming based on P2P
Project:TRILOGY: fuTuRe Internet technoLOGY in Europe
Prierd:2007 – 2009
Participants: i2CAT, UPC, UPF, URL
Aim: Standardization

18. PPSP & CoolRuc CoolRuc Protocol standarization points:
Rendezvous communication (signaling)
Retrieval of channels which are resources to be published and discovered over the network
Tracker Communication (signaling)  Tracker protocol
Retrieval of initial list of peers
Peers communication (signaling)  Peer Protocol
Exchange of Buffer Map
Chunk exchange (transference)
Statistics
Log messages
More requirements are added in the requirement draft 18

19. Open efforts related to PPSP(3)
Goalbit-Open source tracker-based p2p streaming system
Developed in 2009
Goalbit Transport Protocol is well suit with PPSP scope(Paper published in Sep.2009)
Peer and tracker communication
Peer and Peer communication
“It would be great for us, to help in defining a standardized PPSP.”--- Pablo Rodríguez-Bocca,Chief of Goalbit Project

20. Open efforts related to PPSP(4)
China Mobile-DSN, Distributed Services Network
One part of DSN is for open p2p streaming service platform and protocols
Participants (Streaming): China Mobile, ForceTech,Huawei
DSN is both an open project and an ongoing ITU standard for NGN

21. Co-efforts in other standard bodies
ITU:Q:DSN in SG13
Period:2009~2012
Scenarios, Requirements and Architecture of DSN
Related to PPSP: The streaming scenarios, requirements and architecture
3GPP: IMS based P2P CDS in SA1
Period: 2009~2010
Study p2p streaming service in mobile/WLAN environment
Related to PPSP: PPSP can act as the enabler protocols once 3GPP identifies interfaces between components

22. Conclusion PPSP is necessary PPSP can be standardized by starting with
Tracker protocol: Peer and tracker communication
Peer protocol: Peer communication
PPSP is supported and to be supported by some participants who are willing to take part in the PPSP standards

23. Thanks for your attention! Q&A?

24. Appendix 1: UUSee-Advanced P2P+CDN network
Platform Architecture
User can receive data from both CDN node and other peers
Super Node layer: Tranditional CDN Node or P2P Super Node
System Manage layer: CMS/Storage/P2P Tracker 24 24

25. Appendix 2: CoolRuc Basic Operation Discovery of peers:
Mesh-based network (CoolStreaming based)
Adapted for MDC and SVC transmission
Media Distribution
Data-driven
Pull-based
Peers are grouped into “channels”
Discovery of peers:
1st) Contact Rendezvous peer (centralized node)
Get Channel List (specifies tracker peers of each channel)
2nd) Contact Tracker peer for a specific channel
Is the same peer as the source node
Provides an initial list of peers joining the same channel (random list)
3rd) Discovery of new peers by gossiping protocol (“stady state” operation) 25 25

26. Appendix 3:NAPA-WINE
European research project: Network Aware P2P Application over WIse NEtworks (NAPA-WINE, EU FP7 STREP, Study and predict the impact of massive usage of P2P-streaming on the Internet
Algorithms and prototype for a “network aware” P2P video streaming application, with optimization based on measurements between peers and external guidance (IETF ALTO)

27. YouTube daily net loss is $0.48~$1.28 million
Why P2P Streaming?
YouTube daily net loss is $0.48~$1.28 million
Why?
C/S streaming has bottleneck in scalability
Server capacity
Bandwidth consumption
Yry: Argue for scalability and robustness and availability, not sure about cost
Source: RampRate Website 27