1. The First Humans
World History

2. Interactive Notebook— Table of Contents
Today’s Date
Heading: “Early Development of Man”
Page # (Your next available page)

3. Objective
Given instructional sources, the student will demonstrate understanding of early man and his development by completing a chart which compares the different stages of development

4. Heading:
Key Words:
Main Ideas:

5. The Paleolithic Way of Life
Early humans were able to sustain themselves through the use of stone tools – using one hard stone to chip away at another to create an edge
Hand axes, pointed tools with one or more cutting edges were the most common
Over the years, Paleolithic hunters developed better tools – spears and the invention of the bow and arrow made hunting easier
Harpoons and fish hooks made of bone increased the catch of fish
Sharp-edged tools were used to dig up roots, cut up plants and leaves, cut branches to build simple shelters
Scraping tools were used to clean hides for clothing and shelter, bone needles were used for fish hooks and sewing hides together
Because these people hunted, they followed animal migrations and vegetation cycles, meaning they were nomads, moving from place to place
Their survival depended upon close observation of animal behavior patterns and demanded group cooperation for survival

6. Summarizing Information
As you read, create a chart like the one below showing the effects of three tools on the lifestyle of early humankind. You may use your textbook pp to find the information you may need.
Tool
Effect

7. Primary Source History & Art
Open your book to page 10
Examine the artwork and insets
Answer the following questions
Around 35,000 years ago, Ice Age artists painted images in caves. This 20-foot-long “Panel of Horses” was found in Chauvet Cave in southern France
What does the “Panel of Horses” depict?
What similarities do you see between animals in the cave art and those of today?

8. Cave of Forgotten Dreams
Show video two times: once before students have started a notes page as a preview/scaffold, then a second time, with brief pauses for taking notes and answering questions.

9. Heading:
Key Words:
Main Ideas:

10. Adapting to Survive
Groups of Paleolithic peoples, especially those living in cold climates, found shelter in natural caves
Over time, people created new types of shelter made of animal hides and wood poles or animal bones
As humans moved from Africa to colder climates, they learned to start fires – as much as 500,000 years ago
Fires were used in several ways – as a source of warmth, it kept wild animals away from the campsite
Armed with spears, they used fire to flush out game for the kill
Cooked food tasted better, lasted longer and was easier to chew and digest
Scholars believe that the ability to start fires developed independently using either two pieces of wood or flints

11. Closure On a half-slip of paper, answer the following question
In your opinion, which was the most important innovation developed by early man? Explain

12. Interactive Notebook Table of Contents
Today’s Date
The Neolithic Revolution
Page # (Your next available page)

13. “Analyze” means, to examine the parts
“Analyze” means, to examine the parts. Look closely at all the parts of the image on the right. Next, think about what we have learned about the Paleolithic versus the Neolithic age. Now, based that understanding, discuss in writing one problem with the image.

14. Objective
Given instructional sources the student will demonstrate understanding of the Neolithic Revolution by completing a graphic design illustrating before and after the Neolithic Revolution

15. Heading:
Key Words:
Main Ideas:

16. The Neolithic Revolution
The end of the last Ice Age around 8,000 BC was followed by the Neolithic Revolution, which occurred from about 8,000 to 4,000 BC
The term Neolithic means “new stone age” and is somewhat misleading
The real change occurred as man shifted from hunting and gathering to keeping animals and the growing of food on a regular basis – systematic agriculture
Hunter-gatherers moved from place to place finding herds and plants
Domestication of animals meant they could be used for food, milk, wool and work
Systematic agriculture also meant they could give up their nomadic ways and live in settled communities
Because there was enough food, humans had more control over their lives

17. Create a drawing that defines what each of these words mean.
systemic agriculture
domestication
Use pages 14, 16 and 18
artisan
civilization

18. Heading:
Key Words:
Main Ideas:

19. The Growing of Crops
Between 8,000 and 5,000 BC systematic agriculture developed in various parts of the world
In Southwest Asia, people grew wheat and barley and domesticated pigs, cows, goats and sheep by 8,000 BC
From there, farming spread into Southeastern Europe – by 4,000 BC it was well established in central Europe and the Mediterranean basin
By 6,000 BC the cultivation of wheat and barley had spread into the Nile Valley of Egypt
From there it went up the Nile into Ethiopia and Sudan – in central Africa, farmers specialized in tubers and tree crops such as bananas
Farming wheat and barley also moved east into India between 7,000 and 5,000 BC
By 5,000 BC farmers in Southeast Asia were growing rice and from there it moved into southern China; by 6,000 BC millet was farmed and dogs and pigs domesticated in northern China

20. Connecting to Today Open your book to page 15
Read the story and examine the graph
Answer the following questions
Which period saw the largest decrease in farms?
What is the impact of urbanization (definition via chunking) on farming?

21. Heading:
Key Words:
Main Ideas:

22. Neolithic Farming Villages
Growing crops on a regular basis gave rise to more permanent settlements called Neolithic farming villages
These villages cropped up in Europe, India, Egypt, China and Mesoamerica
In Mesoameica, present day Mexico and Central America they grew beans and maize and domesticated dogs and fowl.
The oldest and biggest of these however were in southwest Asia – Jericho near the Dead Sea was in existence by 8,000 BC, another is Catalhuyuk in modern Turkey
Archaeologists have discovered a dozen products that were grown outside the walls – fruits, nuts and three kinds of wheat
Domesticated animals provided milk, meat and hides, scenes on the walls of huts indicate they also hunted
As a result of a steady food supply, Catalhuyuk had a food surplus which means they didn’t need everyone to farm
This means that some became artisans or skilled workers, making goods to trade with neighboring villages
Catalhuyuk also had special buildings which appear to have been shrines, pointing to a growing role of religion in village life
Groups come up with note that captures TWO bullet points at a time then share out and compare.

23. Catalhuyuk in present day Turkey

24. Shrine reconstruction at Catalhuyuk

25. Shrine remnants at Catalhuyuk

26. Neolithic Farming

27. Early Towns

28. Catal Huyuk

29. Ancient cities
Halal
Jericho

30. Neolithic Revolution Graphic
With a partner you will create a graphic that visually shows the lifestyles of humans before and after the Neolithic Revolution
Be creative, be neat and use color!
Think about what humans lived like before they started farming and how they lived after farming
You may use your book pp to find the information you will need

31. Before
Neolithic Revolution
After

32. Before
Neolithic Revolution
After

33. Before
After
Neolithic Revolution

34. Heading:
Key Words:
Main Ideas:

35. Neolithic Revolution - Effects
The Neolithic Revolution brought dramatic changes to people’s lives.
Once they settled in communities, they saw the need for walls for defense and storehouses for goods
Storing surpluses encouraged trade
Trading encouraged more people to learn crafts, which led to a division of labor
As artisans became more skilled, they made more refined tools such as flint blades for sickles and hoes
Some crops were developed which were used for things other than food – flax and cotton were used for yarn and cloth

36. Signs of Technological Growth
Ceramic storage
Mesopotamian Temple

37. Walls for Defense

38. Heading:
Key Words:
Main Ideas:

39. The End of the Neolithic Age
Between 4,000 and 3,000 BC new developments began to affect Neolithic villages
Even before 4,000 BC people discovered that by heating metal-bearing rocks they could turn metal to liquid
The liquid metal could be poured into molds or casts to make tools and weapons
Copper was the first metal to be used but after 4,000 BC it was discovered in southwestern Asia that combining copper with tin made bronze
Bronze was a tougher, harder metal than copper
The Bronze Age lasted from 3,000 to about 1200 BC.
After 1000 BC, the use of iron tools and weapons became common, hence the term the Iron Age
As farming communities grew larger they built walls and armies for defense
By the beginning of the Bronze Age large numbers of people were concentrated in the river valleys of Mesopotamia, Egypt, India and China
These farming villages led to the development of cities

40. Community Simulation
We are going to work in groups of 3 to form an ideal community, based on a set of options
Line up along the side and front of the room. We will count off so as to form groups of 3

41. Community Simulation Roles:
Recorder: the Recorder will keep a written record of the group’s decisions. Be sure to include the names of all members of the group.
Reporter: the Reporter will make an oral presentation to the class of the group’s choices, including strengths, weaknesses, and reasoning
Facilitator: the Facilitator will be responsible for keeping the group focused and on task through completion within the allotted time allowed.

42. Community Simulation You can only choose one item from each group!
List 3 strengths in choosing that item
List 3 weaknesses that come with choosing that item (specific to that item!)
Summarize your group’s reasoning and describe why your society will be successful. Justify why you picked all 5 items. How do the items work together?
These are the things that you will report on!

43. Assignment
As you read, fill in the chart like the one below listing the six major characteristics of civilization. You may use your textbook pp to find the information you will need.
Civilization 1. 4. 2. 5. 3. 6.

44. Civilization Emerges
Culture is a way of life of a people in a certain time and place
The cultures of farming villages were relatively simple
However with the settlement into permanent communities, cultures became more complex and developed into new forms
A civilization is a complex culture in which large numbers of humans share a number of common elements
The six characteristics are
Cities – large concentrations of population, large-scale farming
Government – large numbers of people, the need to maintain the food supply, defense all created the need for government.
Governments organize and regulate human activity, provide for smooth interaction of individuals and groups
The first governments were monarchies who organized armies for defense and made laws to regulate subjects’ lives

45. Civilization Emerges
Religion – the new urban civilizations developed religions to explain the forces of nature and their roles in the world
Social Structure – a new social structure based on economic power arose; rulers and an upper class of priests, government officials and warriors dominated society
Writing – rulers, priests, merchants and artisans used writing to keep accurate records. They also used it for creative expression
Art – Architects built temples and pyramids as places of worship or sacrifice or for royal burial. Painters and sculptors portrayed stories of nature, provided depictions of the rulers and gods they worshiped.

46. Ancient Cities

47. Early Temples

48. Early Writing

49. Early Art

50. Early Art

51. Tell Asmar Statuettes
Sumerian Statuettes, from the Temple of Abu, Tel Asmar, c B.C.,

52. Large eyes are characteristic of many if not all of the Tell Asmar statuettes. What might compel a civilization to have this sort of focus if it is clearly not likeness?

53. Closure On a half-slip of paper, answer the following question
Of the 6 main characteristics of a civilization, which is the most important indicator that a society has become a civilization? Explain.

54. Standards – Ur Battle Scene

55. Art in Society ?’s

56. Mesopotamian Art & Architecture
Ancient Mesopotamian Temple
City Walls and Bridges

57. Now complete the examples in Tucson section
Now list the other 5 traits of civilization, and write a brief description for them
Use pages 18 & 19
Now complete the examples in Tucson section
Now complete the examples in Ur section