1. Some Understandings of Internationalism
Chapter 11
Some Understandings of Internationalism

2. Stephen Lewis
...We came out of Rwanda asking ourselves how it was possible that the world was inert in the face of a hideous genocide that everyone knew was taking place. It is my contention that years from now, historians will ask how it was possible that the world allowed AIDS to throttle and eviscerate a continent...
United Nations Press Briefing

3. Current Dilemmas Continuing with this line of thinking...
People are being displaced and wiped out through government initiatives around our world.
Do these actions require world involvement or are they local issues?

4. Understandings of Internationalism
A Larger Community
Hegemonic Internationalism
Revolutionary Internationalism
Liberal Internationalism

5. Pinky and the Brain
World Domination video

6. Hegemonic Internationalism
Hegemony - means exerting a dominating influence over other groups or societies
Colonialism
Imperialism
Even today, many people believe that international security and prosperity are best achieved when certain nation-states assert a leading role

8. Shaping the Modern World
hegemonic internationalism has
reflected in language and culture
international communication - prevalence of English
colonization - also played a major part

11. Hegemonic Control Are you subject to hegemony?
In what ways are you made to think that “the way things are is the way they ought to be”?
Can you think of possible examples?

12. Just a thought... The way I see it Isn't necessarily
The way you see it
Or the way it is
Or the way it ought to be
What's more important
It's that we're all
Looking for it
And a way to see it
Desi Di Nardo

13. and another...

14. So what? In what ways are YOU being influenced to do... think act
believe
live

15. Revolutionary Internationalism
History extending back to the American and French Revolutions
recent times: Ernesto “Che” Guevara
Ayatollah Khomeini
Created political and economic alliances as well as modern nation-states, war and - indirectly - the threat of nuclear war

17. Investing in the Model Time Management
Why do we learn to organize and run our lives efficiently?
Become workers in an economy that needs our labour to re-create itself

18. Why does education exist?
Here is an example of buying into the model...
Are there any legitimate arguments against mass schooling?

19. Education
The single best investment you can make in your life but how do YOU exactly define a GOOD education?
Think about it - it is harder to answer than you probably assume
there are many factors that go into how teachers decide to teach certain information and this scares many people

20. Believing in Revolution
A revolution (“a turn around”) is a fundamental change in power or organizational structures that take place in a relatively short period of time
Complete change from one constitution to another
Modification of an existing constitution

21. Liberal Internationalism
At its core the optimistic belief that, through greater interaction and co-operation between peoples, a common purpose will evolve
Primarily to create wealth and peace, and it often is assumed that one would lead to the other
Politically - creations of organizations (UN )
Economically - regional trading blocs

22. Humanitarian Efforts
Actions by nation-states and non- governmental organizations (NGOs) to improve the welfare of people in poorer countries
Responsibility vs. Sustainability
Funding/Implementation Issues

24. Economic Issues
General assumption that interaction and co- operation is on equal terms and is mutually beneficial
Critique - is that robust economies have an advantage
Donor-Country values - imposed on recipient countries

25. Does aid work? Article from “Dead Aid” by Dambisa Moyo
Does our world need to ‘give’ less and instead ‘offer’ opportunities for economic development?

26. Social Responsibility

27. Man versus Machine
Are we convinced that individuals need to make major changes in our lives?
Lights
Recycling
Automobiles
Versus - an structural problem that forces us to believe that small changes actually create sustainable progress?

28. Motivation behind Internationalism
Self-Determination
Humanitarianism
Global Citizenship
Peacekeeping and Peacemaking
Peace and Security
Economic Stability

29. Self-Determination
The ability and desire of a nation to fulfill its people’s economic, social, cultural and political needs so that the nation can continue to exist and grow
1980, World Council of Indigenous Peoples
seeks to ensure fair and just treatment, united voice, for over 370 million people worldwide

30. Humanitarianism Belief in our common humanity
The idea of moral imperative - the right thing to do
much of humanitarian action relates to assisting other nations with long-term economic and social development rather than short-term crises

31. Global Citizenship
To what extent do we have responsibilities to others around our globe?

32. Peacekeeping
Peacekeeping - is preventing further conflict between parties
Monitor the implementation of the ceasefire
Oversee the resolution of the conflict
Promoting security
disarming opponents & training local police forces
repatriating refugees & delivery of humanitarian relief
supporting elections & strengthening rule of law

34. Peace and Security
Security alliance organizations aim to provide member nations with greater ability to maintain secure borders
Greatest security threats of 21st century
continued poverty & environmental degradation
terrorism
civil war
conflict between states
proliferation of weapons of mass destruction (WMDs)
organized crime

35. Motivation against Internationalism
Political Stability
Isolationism
International Involvement in the Iraq War
Rwanda Revisited: The Role of the International Community

36. American Isolationism
Isolationism - a foreign policy in which a nation- state chooses not to become involved in the affairs of other nations, either militarily or through trade
historical reluctance to become involved in European conflicts
commerce, shipping and the growth of international trade encouraged US engagement internationally

37. Involvement in Iraq
11 September assaults on the WTC and Pentagon were unprecedented attacks on American soil
punish and deter further terrorism - attack Afghanistan (harbouring Al Qaeda fighters)
November broadened its “war on terror” to include Iraq

38. Canada’s Position
We argued that a multilateral approach through the United Nations was key to enhancing the international legitimacy of military action and would make it easier after the war was over
PM Jean Chretien, 8 April 2003
Do you agree with PM Jean Chretien’s statement?

39. Rwanda Revisited:
Had the UN Security Council acknowledged that what was happening was genocide, it would have been legally obliged to act
France, Belgium, USA declined to intervene
UN Assistance Mission to Rwanda [UNAMIR] was not given a mandate to intervene or use force

40. Where does this all lead?
Global Interaction:

41. Assignment
The Motives for International Involvement
First Part Today