1. Bellwork 11-13-13 Obj: SWBAT describe the layers within the earth. 1.What happens to the temperature as you move from the crust to the core of the earth? 2.What happens to pressure as you move from the crust to the core of the earth. 3.Which layer of the earth is liquid? 4.What layer do you think is the most density, or the heaviest?

2. Earth Structure - The thickness of the layer -The name of the layer - Temperature - Composition - If it is solid or liquid - Notetaker setup On each box include:

3. Putting temperature into perspective -Boiling hot water= 212°F or 100°C -Stove (gas\electric)=1800°F -Red hot iron= 1,000 °C (1,830 °F) -Copper= 1084 °C (1983 °F) -Blowtorch flame= 1,300 °C (2,370 °F) -Glass=1500 °C (2000 °F) -Iron= 1538 °C (2800 °F) -Diamond= 3,550 °C (6422°F) -Tungsten= 3410 °C (6170 °F) -Surface of the sun= 6000 °C (10,832°F) -Core of the sun= 15,000,000°C

4. Starting from the outside in... The Earth’s Crust makes up only ONE percent of its total mass! Ocean Crust= 5-6 km(3.1-3.7 miles) thick Continetial Crust=15 -75km thick(9-46 miles)

5. Ocean Crust= 5-6 km(3.1-3.7 miles) thick Ocean Crust is mostly made of Basalt Basalt has an average density of 3.3 g/cm3

6. Continetial Crust 15 -75km thick(9-46 miles) Continetial Crust is mostly made out of Granite Average density= 2.7 g/cm3

7. Crusty Chemistry The crust is mostly made up of rocks that contain magnesium potassium, iron, sodium, aluminum, silicon, and oxygen.

8. The Top Four! Oxygen O 46.60% 100,000,000 tons Silicon Si 27.72% 3,880,000 tons 5000 tons electronic grade Aluminum Al 8.13% 30,000,000 tons Iron Fe 5.00% 1,200,000,000 tons

9. Upper mantle chemistry -The upper mantle contains magnesium, iron, aluminum, silicon, and oxygen. *notice the ”lighter” elements disappear and are left in the crust Na, K, Ca

10. The Mantle The Mantle makes up two-thirds of Earth’s mass and is 2,900km thick (1800miles)! *Average temperature of the mantle = 1000-2200 C (1832-3992 F)

11. What the mantle looks like The Mantle is made mostly out of the mineral Olivine (Mg, Fe) 2 SiO 4

12. Outer core -The outer core is 2250 km thick and has an average temperature of 3700°C (6700°F) -Also responsible for the Earths magnetic field -Composed of liquid Iron, Nickel, oxygen, and sulfur r

13. Inner core -The earths inner core is a solid Iron and nickel alloy that has a radius of about 1,200 km (758 miles). Not the real core! -The inner core acts like a giant magnet and is responsible for our magnetic field.