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Chapter 5 - Nutrition Photosynthesis Autotrophic Nutrition  - Organisms manufacture organic compounds (C 6 H 12 O 6 ) from inorganic raw materials.(CO.

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Presentation on theme: "Chapter 5 - Nutrition Photosynthesis Autotrophic Nutrition  - Organisms manufacture organic compounds (C 6 H 12 O 6 ) from inorganic raw materials.(CO."— Presentation transcript:

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2 Chapter 5 - Nutrition Photosynthesis

3 Autotrophic Nutrition  - Organisms manufacture organic compounds (C 6 H 12 O 6 ) from inorganic raw materials.(CO 2 + H 2 O)  Ex. Chemosynthesis  Ex2: Photosynthesis – converts light energy to chemical energy.  Most Oxygen in air from photosynthesis.

4 Chloroplasts  Where photosynthesis takes place  Pigment – chlorophyll – traps sunlight –Separate colors/pigments by chromotography

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6 Photosynthetic Equation 6CO 2 + 12 H 2 O  C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 + 6 H 2 O Carbon Dioxide + Water  Glucose + Oxygen + Water ***Photosynthesis is the opposite of Respiration*** Photosynthesis: Occurs in plants, during the day, in the chloroplasts Respiration: All organisms, all the time, in the mitochondria

7 Photosynthesis

8 Reactions of Photosynthesis 1. Photochemical Reaction (“light reaction”)  Occurs in the grana (chloroplast)  H 2 O is absorbed  Light energy is converted to chemical energy  H 2 O splits – photolysis, oxygen goes into the atmosphere  H2 combines with NADP(enzyme) temporarily  ATP  ADP for energy

9 Photolysis – Water splitting

10 2. Carbon-Fixation Reactions (Dark)  Occurs in the stroma (chloroplast)  H 2 and NADP split  H 2 combines with CO 2  H 2 CO 2  PGAL (3 Carbon sugar)  PGAL  C 6 H 12 O 6 (Glucose 6 Carbon sugar)

11 Structure of a Chloroplast

12 Photosynthesis takes place in:  Leaves (more surface area)  A little in the stem

13 Structure of the leaf  Cuticle – (cutin)  Waxy covering of the epidermis  Protects against water loss  Upper & Lower Epidermis  Outer Cell Layer  Palisade layer  Packed with chloroplasts  Most photosynthesis here  Spongy layer  Below palisade layer  Air pockets  Some photosynthesis here

14  Mesophyll  2 layers- Palisade & Spongy  Guard Cells  Regulates the size of a stomate ( gas exchange)  Some photosynthesis here  Stomates (stoma)  Openings for gas exchange  Veins  Xylem – transports water  Phloem – transports food (glucose)

15 Structure of a Leaf

16 X – Stomate surrounded by guard cell – controls gas exchange

17 Wavelengths of Light  Why is chlorophyll green?  They absorb red and blue wavelengths and reflect green.  Red and blue light  best for photosynthesis – these colors are absorbed  Green and yellow  worst for photosynthesis - these colors are reflected

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