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Published byAriel Franklin Modified over 9 years ago
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Chapter 5 - Nutrition Photosynthesis
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Autotrophic Nutrition - Organisms manufacture organic compounds (C 6 H 12 O 6 ) from inorganic raw materials.(CO 2 + H 2 O) Ex. Chemosynthesis Ex2: Photosynthesis – converts light energy to chemical energy. Most Oxygen in air from photosynthesis.
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Chloroplasts Where photosynthesis takes place Pigment – chlorophyll – traps sunlight –Separate colors/pigments by chromotography
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Photosynthetic Equation 6CO 2 + 12 H 2 O C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 + 6 H 2 O Carbon Dioxide + Water Glucose + Oxygen + Water ***Photosynthesis is the opposite of Respiration*** Photosynthesis: Occurs in plants, during the day, in the chloroplasts Respiration: All organisms, all the time, in the mitochondria
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Photosynthesis
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Reactions of Photosynthesis 1. Photochemical Reaction (“light reaction”) Occurs in the grana (chloroplast) H 2 O is absorbed Light energy is converted to chemical energy H 2 O splits – photolysis, oxygen goes into the atmosphere H2 combines with NADP(enzyme) temporarily ATP ADP for energy
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Photolysis – Water splitting
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2. Carbon-Fixation Reactions (Dark) Occurs in the stroma (chloroplast) H 2 and NADP split H 2 combines with CO 2 H 2 CO 2 PGAL (3 Carbon sugar) PGAL C 6 H 12 O 6 (Glucose 6 Carbon sugar)
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Structure of a Chloroplast
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Photosynthesis takes place in: Leaves (more surface area) A little in the stem
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Structure of the leaf Cuticle – (cutin) Waxy covering of the epidermis Protects against water loss Upper & Lower Epidermis Outer Cell Layer Palisade layer Packed with chloroplasts Most photosynthesis here Spongy layer Below palisade layer Air pockets Some photosynthesis here
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Mesophyll 2 layers- Palisade & Spongy Guard Cells Regulates the size of a stomate ( gas exchange) Some photosynthesis here Stomates (stoma) Openings for gas exchange Veins Xylem – transports water Phloem – transports food (glucose)
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Structure of a Leaf
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X – Stomate surrounded by guard cell – controls gas exchange
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Wavelengths of Light Why is chlorophyll green? They absorb red and blue wavelengths and reflect green. Red and blue light best for photosynthesis – these colors are absorbed Green and yellow worst for photosynthesis - these colors are reflected
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