1. Expert Group Meeting on National Accounts in the Caribbean 26-28 September 2011 Port of Spain

2. Outline 1. Overview 2. National Accounts Activities 3. Reporting Requirements 4. Timetable 2

3. 3 Overview

4. 4 What is the ICP? Using PPPs instead of market exchange rates makes it possible to compare the output of economies and the welfare of their inhabitants in real terms. ICP is a worldwide statistical initiative to collect comparative price data and estimate purchasing power parities (PPPs) of the world’s economies. PPP Vs. Exchange Rate Main Objectives Provide international price and volume comparisons of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and its component expenditures Measure the differences in price and volume levels of GDP and GDP per capita of various expenditure aggregates and sub-aggregates between countries within a region between countries in different regions

5. By Households By NPISHs Individual Consumption Expenditure 110 Price By Government Collective Consumption Gross Fixed Capital Formation Machinery & Equipment Construction & Civil Eng. Others Other Components Changes in inventories Net Exports Value Quantity Volume Ratio Value ratio PPP GDP Expenditure Values for 155 Basic Headings, for the reference year 2011 Prices for over 2000 representative products collected over one year in 2011 5

6. Pressures caused by the need to develop new procedures to collect and validate data led to insufficient attention to the national accounts until late in the process 6 Identified issue Goals for 2011 ICP Goals for 2011 ICP Improving the quality of real expenditures by collecting national accounts data earlier in the process Identifying the basic headings that are most likely to have a significant impact on the consistency between economies

7. 7 1993 SNA The ICP requires national accounts estimates based on the 1993 SNA Exhaustiveness of GDP Various terms are used to describe parts of GDP that fall outside the scope of admin records and statistical surveys on which the national accounts are based ― underground economy, black economy, non-observed economy, informal economy All economic activities have to be included, whether legal and illegal

8. 8 Observed Non-Observed Legal Illegal FormalInformal Terms do not always refer to the same thing across economies Informal economy and the non-observed economy may largely overlap It is likely that GDP in most economies includes some of the informal economy Subsistence production/consumption is a potential area of understatement The scope of economic surveys may exclude some businesses

9. 9 Major Aggregate Data Validated major aggregate data Metadata Basic Heading Data Validated basic heading data Metadata Population and exchange rate data Latest Data Available between 2006-2010 Final Data and Metadata 2011 Data Preliminary Data and Metadata Final Data and Metadata

10. 10 National Accounts Activities

11. 11 National accounts statistics Basic Heading level data Prices Accuracy Reliability of PPP-deflated GDP Comparability Expenditures Consistency

12. Carry out N.A. work for comp. resistant areas Use N.A. data to help edit survey prices Price Surveys Develop vector of 2011 GDP expenditures Use Survey Prices in GDP Implement Price Tracking 12 PricesFinal Output Categories of activities Implement Commodity Flow Select Major Products Identify Data Sources for Major Products Prepare Matrix of Data Availability for Major Products Compile GDP & Main uses for 2011 Major Products Review GDP Classification Early data need to identify & resolve data problems Create Metadata Flow Chart for 2005 GDP expenditure Update Metadata Flow Chart for latest year possible Early Metadata Flow Chart for 2011 Structure Work Flow 1 1 2 2 13 3 3 6 6 4 4 7 7 8 8 5 5 9 9 14 10 11 12 15

13. 13 Initial Values for L.Y.* Data Sources Adjustments to L.Y.* BH Values for L.Y.* Price Review for L.Y.* Commodity Flow Final Values for 2011 Adjustments to 2011 BH Values for 2011 Price Review for 2011 Variations over time * L.Y. : Latest year available

14. 14 Reporting Requirements

15. 5 Forms were initially developed Extensive review INAG recommendation MORES Extensive consultation 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 1 1

16. 16 National Accounts Quality Assurance Questionnaire Eurostat “Tabular Approach to Exhaustiveness” MORES I I II III

17. 17 SNA 93 Compliance 5 groups - 30 questions Price –National Accounts Consistency Valuation Rules ICP Requirements Recording Rules Q01; Q02; Q03; Q05 Q04; Q18 Q06; Q08;Q09; Q10; Q11; Q12; Q13; Q14; Q15; Q16; Q17; Q19; Q23; Q24; Q25 Q07; Q26 Q20; Q21; Q22; Q27; Q28; Q29; Q30 1. 4. 3. 2. 5.

18. 18 Systematic method to identify potential sources of understatement in the NA due to omissions from the statistical source data that classify adjustments into seven types of “non- exhaustiveness” GDP Exhaustiveness Questionnaire

19. 19 Other statistical deficiencies Misreporting by producers Registered entrepreneurs not surveyed Legal producers not surveyed Producer not required to register Producer deliberately does not register (illegal activities) Producer deliberately does not register (underground activities) Typically includes small producers with income above the threshold set for registration …because he is involved in illegal activities …because they do not have any market output or it is below a set threshold …because the register updating procedures may be slow or inadequate. …either deliberately or because the register updating sources do not include details of such person …involves under-reporting gross output and/or over-reporting intermediate consumption Data that are incomplete or cannot be directly collected from surveys, or data that are incorrectly compiled during survey processing. N7 N6 N5 N4 N3 N2 N1

20. 20 Initial national accounts estimates N1 Adjustments Final national accounts estimates Final national accounts estimates N2 N3 N4 N6 N5 N7 To tal Production approach Expenditure approach Income approach Output of goods and services (basic prices) Intermediate consumption (purchasers’ prices)... … …

21. 21 Detailed expenditure values for each basic heading of the ICP classification. The Model Report on Expenditure Statistics (MORES) Information on the indicators that were used/or are going to be used to estimate the expenditure values Information on the splitting approach The MORES aims to assist countries to compile

22. 22 Timetable

23. 23 Latest Year 2011 2012 2013 Q4 Q3 Q4 Q3 Q4 Q3 Q2 Q1 Q2 Q1 Q2 Q1 P P Major Aggregate Data & Metadata Major Aggregate Data & Metadata Basic Heading Data & Metadata Basic Heading Data & Metadata Major Aggregate Data & Metadata Major Aggregate Data & Metadata Basic Heading Data & Metadata Basic Heading Data & Metadata NCs to RCs RCs to GO P P P P P P F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F P-Preliminary result F-Final result Year 2011

24. 24