1. Tools for Science In 1592 Galileo found that a change in temperature made water rise and fall in a sealed tube. Simple device was a thermometer.

2. Tools in Science In the 1700’s Fahrenheit sealed mercury in a thin glass tube. Our Fahrenheit thermometer was placed in freezing and boiling water and marked Fahrenheit divided the thermometer into 180 equal units, called degrees.

3. Tools for Science In 1742, Celsius made a thermometer with 100 degrees between freezing and boiling. The Celsius scale is used in science

4. Tools in Science How does a thermometer work? The liquid in a thermometer takes up more space in hotter temperatures, making the level of the liquid rise in a tube. At lower temperatures the liquid takes up less space and the liquid level falls.

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6. Tools in Science Refer to your textbook page 10 to answer: 104 degrees on the Fahrenheit scale is equal to what temperature on the Celsius scale? There is a temperature at which both scales would read the same. Would that temperature be above or below the freezing point of water?

7. Tools in Science The temperature is 104 degrees F and 40 degrees C The temperature would be below the freezing point of water.

8. Tools for Science A thermometer is used for measuring temperatures on Earth. Why do you think the freezing and boiling points of water were chosen to mark the thermometer? Why isn’t water used as a liquid in thermometers?

9. Tools for Science Normal temperatures on Earth fall within the range of the freezing and boiling points of water. Water is not used in thermometers because it would change state if the temperature got lower than freezing or higher than boiling points.

10. Tools for Science A Balance is a tool that measures the amount of MATTER in an object, the objects MASS. Mass is measured in grams (g) or Kilograms (kg)

11. Tools in Science If you want to measure an object’s WEIGHT, you use a spring scale. You let gravity pull it down. Scales measure the force of gravity on an object. Gravity is the force that pulls on all objects on or near earth. The unit of measurement is a Newton (n)

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13. Tools of Science Important questions!! In what units and with what device is mass measured? In what units and with what device is weight measured?

14. Tools for Science Mass in measured in kilograms or grams by a balance Weight is measured in newtons by a spring scale,

15. Tools for Science What does a balance measure? What does a spring scale measure?

16. Tools for Science A balance measures mass – the amount of matter in an object. A spring scale measures weight – the force of gravity acting on an object.